Cluster 4: Represent and interpret data. (Supporting Cluster)Archived

Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.

General Information
Number: MAFS.2.MD.4
Title: Represent and interpret data. (Supporting Cluster)
Type: Cluster
Subject: Mathematics - Archived
Grade: 2
Domain-Subdomain: Measurement and Data

Related Standards

This cluster includes the following benchmarks.

Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Access Points

MAFS.2.MD.4.AP.10a

Identify the value of each category represented on a picture graph and bar graph. 


MAFS.2.MD.4.AP.10b
Organize data by representing on a pictorial graph or bar graph.
MAFS.2.MD.4.AP.10c
Compare the information shown in a bar graph or picture graph with up to four categories. Solve simple comparisons of how many more or how many less.
MAFS.2.MD.4.AP.9a
Organize linear measurement data by representing continuous data on a line plot.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Educational Software / Tool

Free Graph Paper:

A variety of graph paper types for printing, including Cartesian, polar, engineering, isometric, logarithmic, hexagonal, probability, and Smith chart.

Type: Educational Software / Tool

Formative Assessments

Measuring our Pencils Line Plot:

Students make a line plot from a set of measurement data that includes measurements to the nearest whole inch.

Type: Formative Assessment

Measuring Hand Spans Line Plot:

Students make a line plot from a set of measurement data that includes measurements to the nearest whole centimeter.

Type: Formative Assessment

Measuring our Pencils:

Students measure their pencils to the nearest whole inch.

Type: Formative Assessment

Measuring Hand Spans:

Students measure the width of their hands to the nearest whole centimeter.

Type: Formative Assessment

Shoe Sizes:

Students are asked to create a bar graph from a given set of data.

Type: Formative Assessment

Favorite Books:

Students are asked to answer questions about a given bar graph.

Type: Formative Assessment

Features of our Shirts:

Students collect data and use it to create a pictograph.

Type: Formative Assessment

Number of Players:

Students are asked to create a pictograph from a given set of data.

Type: Formative Assessment

Lesson Plans

Taking Flight :

Students will explore airplanes in this project-based lesson/unit with multiple lessons that are all tied to a final project.

Type: Lesson Plan

So . . . il Pick You!:

This is a Project-Based Learning Project, intended for second grade. It can be adapted and changed for other grades.

Type: Lesson Plan

What Goes Up Must Come Down! :

This is a second grade science lesson that incorporates math, science, and engineering as students work in collaborative groups to investigate gravity using real-world situations.

Students will investigate the following problem:
How can you design an invention that keeps a balloon in the air instead of letting it be pulled to the ground by gravity? Can you keep your balloon in the air longer than the other teams?

Type: Lesson Plan

Graphing Fun:

This lesson incorporates collecting, categorizing, and representing data using pictographs and bar graphs. Students will also interpret data represented in these graphs including solving problems. The story Sir Cumference and the Off the Charts Dessert by Cindy Neuschwander is used to interest students in graphing and presents a good opportunity to set up an independent practice activity for students.

Type: Lesson Plan

Gummy Graphing:

Students will make bar graphs using gummy bears and Skittles!

Type: Lesson Plan

Pop, Pop, Pop!:

Students will research the effects of sugary drinks on their health.  They will interpret data on a variety of beverages presented in the form of bar graphs and decide which beverages should be included in school vending machines to ensure students have healthy drink options.

Type: Lesson Plan

Oh Goodie!:

Collaboration is key! In this MEA lesson, students will have the opportunity to work in collaborative groups to decide what items to include inside a guest goodie bag. The students will be able to interpret data from a table chart, create a bar graph, present their decisions orally in teams, and write an extension letter.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Pictographs with Pizazz:

In this lesson, students will create pictographs to represent data sets with up to four categories. They will use their graphs to solve addition, subtraction, and comparison problems.

Type: Lesson Plan

Setting the Bar: Representing Data Sets:

In this lesson, students will use data from an in-class survey, animal pictures, and manipulatives to categorize and display in bar graphs. Students use the graphs to solve addition and subtraction problems about the data.

Type: Lesson Plan

Saving Seabirds:

This MEA focuses on what and how human actives may impact ocean life and what actions students may take in protecting our ocean. The Supplemental Reading passage serves as a springboard to elicit students understanding of real issues around them.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Insurance for "Ewe":

In this MEA (Model Eliciting Activity) students are being asked to recommend a given location for a business to expand, based on amounts of rainfall and weed growth in given areas. Students will be creating, comparing, and interpreting data from a bar graph to reach their decision.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

X Marks the Spot!:

In this lesson, students will make multiple measurements and record the measurements on a line plot.

Type: Lesson Plan

If the Shoe Fits...:

In this lesson, students will create line plots based on linear measurements that they collect while participating in the practice of scientific inquiry.

Type: Lesson Plan

Water Parks Galore!:

The focus of this lesson is to devise a plan, and justify it, in order to determine the best features of a water park. Students will use problem-solving skills, data sets presented in a chart, two digit addition and writing skills. Students will also need to check their procedure to determine if it will work when given additional data.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Class Pets:

The focus of this lesson is to devise a plan, and justify it, in order to choose the best class pet. Students will use problem-solving skills, data sets presented in a chart, two and three digit addition, writing skills. Students will complete bar graphs using data from their data set sheets and answer questions about the graphs. Students will also need to check their procedure to determine if it will work when given additional data.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Cellular Satisfaction:

The client is searching for the best cell phone carrier based on customer satisfaction scores. Students will choose the best cell phone provider based on the 5 categories; Plans, Coverage, Phones and Features, Fees, and Help and Support, utilizing a rating scale of 1-10, with 10 being the best. Students will organize the factors based on the importance of each (to be determined by the group) and create bar graphs for the client to share with his company.

Students may need to consider companies with lower ratings in some areas depending on the order of importance they have placed on the factors, which will be determined by their group.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Graphing Away:

In this lesson, students will use a survey question of their choice to collect data and then represent the data on a bar graph with an appropriate title, labels, and a scale of one. Students will write statements to interpret their data.

Type: Lesson Plan

Introduction to Bar Graphs:

This lesson allows students to learn what bar graphs are used for, how to interpret the data presented, and how to organize their own data using bar graphs.

Type: Lesson Plan

Representing and Interpreting Data in a Bar Graph:

Students will collect data and represent it using a bar graph with an appropriate title, labels, and scale of one. Students will interpret data by solving simple comparison problems using information presented in a bar graph.

Type: Lesson Plan

Original Student Tutorials

Ice Cream Pictographs: Questions:

Help Ms. Griffin's class use pictographs to answer questions about the data they collected on their class's favorite ice cream flavors in this interactive student tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Ice Cream Pictographs:

Learn how to organize collected data about ice cream to create your own pictographs in this interactive student tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Problem-Solving Tasks

Growing Bean Plants:

This task adds some rigor to the activity, by collecting actual growth data, providing practice for students in measuring and recording length measurements. Centimeters are an appropriate unit for these measurements, as they provide a good level of precision for these measurements, while being easy enough for students to handle.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

The Longest Walk:

After students have drawn and measured their ten line segments, it might be more useful for the class to discuss part (b) as a whole group. It is a good idea to have the students use color to help them keep track of the connection between a line that they have drawn and the corresponding data point on the graph.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Hand Span Measures:

The size of the hand makes a difference in some sports that involve throwing or catching and some activities such as playing the piano. Hand span is a measure that has been used for many years. By placing the hand on the edge of a piece of paper and marking the tips of the thumb and little finger, the student can measure a straight line. This is a better method than placing the hand directly on the ruler. Discuss rounding conventions. This could be used as a class activity, or students could gather and plot data on separate line plots from different age groups.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Teaching Ideas

How Deep Do They Dive-SeaWorld Classroom Activity:

In this activity, students relate pictures to mathematical ideas and create a graph. They are given approximate maximum diving depths for five whales and they must determine how to represent this data on a pictograph.

Type: Teaching Idea

Popcorn Math:

This webpage features 8 popcorn-themed math activities that can be used at various grade levels. Topics covered include volume, estimating, graphing, measuring, and place value.

Type: Teaching Idea

Virtual Manipulatives

Data Grapher:

Students use this interactive tool to explore the connections between data sets and their representations in charts and graphs. Enter data in a table (1 to 6 columns, unlimited rows), and preview or print bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts, and pictographs. Students can select which set(s) of data to display in each graph, and compare the effects of different representations of the same data. Instructions and exploration questions are provided using the expandable "+" signs above the tool.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

KidsZone: Create a Graph:

Create bar, line, pie, area, and xy graphs.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Histogram:

In this activity, students can create and view a histogram using existing data sets or original data entered. Students can adjust the interval size using a slider bar, and they can also adjust the other scales on the graph. This activity allows students to explore histograms as a way to represent data as well as the concepts of mean, standard deviation, and scale. This activity includes supplemental materials, including background information about the topics covered, a description of how to use the application, and exploration questions for use with the java applet.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorials

Ice Cream Pictographs: Questions:

Help Ms. Griffin's class use pictographs to answer questions about the data they collected on their class's favorite ice cream flavors in this interactive student tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Ice Cream Pictographs:

Learn how to organize collected data about ice cream to create your own pictographs in this interactive student tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Problem-Solving Task

The Longest Walk:

After students have drawn and measured their ten line segments, it might be more useful for the class to discuss part (b) as a whole group. It is a good idea to have the students use color to help them keep track of the connection between a line that they have drawn and the corresponding data point on the graph.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Virtual Manipulatives

Data Grapher:

Students use this interactive tool to explore the connections between data sets and their representations in charts and graphs. Enter data in a table (1 to 6 columns, unlimited rows), and preview or print bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts, and pictographs. Students can select which set(s) of data to display in each graph, and compare the effects of different representations of the same data. Instructions and exploration questions are provided using the expandable "+" signs above the tool.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Histogram:

In this activity, students can create and view a histogram using existing data sets or original data entered. Students can adjust the interval size using a slider bar, and they can also adjust the other scales on the graph. This activity allows students to explore histograms as a way to represent data as well as the concepts of mean, standard deviation, and scale. This activity includes supplemental materials, including background information about the topics covered, a description of how to use the application, and exploration questions for use with the java applet.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Growing Bean Plants:

This task adds some rigor to the activity, by collecting actual growth data, providing practice for students in measuring and recording length measurements. Centimeters are an appropriate unit for these measurements, as they provide a good level of precision for these measurements, while being easy enough for students to handle.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

The Longest Walk:

After students have drawn and measured their ten line segments, it might be more useful for the class to discuss part (b) as a whole group. It is a good idea to have the students use color to help them keep track of the connection between a line that they have drawn and the corresponding data point on the graph.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Hand Span Measures:

The size of the hand makes a difference in some sports that involve throwing or catching and some activities such as playing the piano. Hand span is a measure that has been used for many years. By placing the hand on the edge of a piece of paper and marking the tips of the thumb and little finger, the student can measure a straight line. This is a better method than placing the hand directly on the ruler. Discuss rounding conventions. This could be used as a class activity, or students could gather and plot data on separate line plots from different age groups.

Type: Problem-Solving Task