MAFS.1.MD.3.4Archived Standard

Organize, represent, and interpret data with up to three categories; ask and answer questions about the total number of data points, how many in each category, and how many more or less are in one category than in another.
General Information
Subject Area: Mathematics
Grade: 1
Domain-Subdomain: Measurement and Data
Cluster: Level 3: Strategic Thinking & Complex Reasoning
Cluster: Represent and interpret data. (Supporting Cluster) -

Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.

Date Adopted or Revised: 02/14
Date of Last Rating: 02/14
Status: State Board Approved - Archived

Related Courses

This benchmark is part of these courses.
5012030: Grade One Mathematics (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
5020020: Science Grade One (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
5021030: Social Studies Grade 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2023, 2023 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
7712020: Access Mathematics Grade 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7720020: Access Science Grade 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2023, 2023 and beyond (current))
5020080: STEM Lab Grade 1 (Specifically in versions: 2016 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
5012005: Foundational Skills in Mathematics K-2 (Specifically in versions: 2019 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))

Related Access Points

Alternate version of this benchmark for students with significant cognitive disabilities.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Formative Assessments

What’s For Lunch?:

Students organize and interpret data about lunch preferences.

Type: Formative Assessment

Sort It Out:

Students sort classroom objects and then record how many are in each category. Then, students answer questions about the numbers of objects in each category.

Type: Formative Assessment

Pocket Data:

Students are to organize and represent a set of data.

Type: Formative Assessment

Flavors of Ice Cream:

Students read data and sort flavors of ice cream into different categories and then determine how many more students chose one flavor than another.

Type: Formative Assessment

Lesson Plans

Vote for Ice Cream:

This lesson will pique your students' interest by reading about Curious George and his ice cream adventure. Students will move from George's adventure to a class chart of favorite ice cream flavors to organizing and completing their own ice cream chart.

Type: Lesson Plan

Birds and Worms :

Camouflage is an important survival strategy in the animal kingdom. In this activity, students will discover the value of protective coloration as they pretend to be birds in search of colored worms or birds.

Type: Lesson Plan

Bar Graph Exploration:

Here's a great introductory lesson to explore creating bar graphs with your students! Students will learn to create vertical bar graphs with a single unit scale using a variety of manipulatives and answer one-step comparison and put together questions using their data displays.

Type: Lesson Plan

Fairycat Bookstore:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work in small groups to determine a procedure for deciding which book series they would like in their classroom library. Students will use information presented in pictographs and tally charts to determine this ranking. Then, in the twist, students will have to consider the cost of the series and what they will learn from each.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Get Up and Move!:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work together to problem solve. The students are presented with a problem in which they have to decide on a procedure for choosing the activity that should be done at a Move-a-Thon fundraiser. Students will organize data in a tally chart as well as a pictograph. In the “twist” students will be given combinations of bills representing the value of each of the activities. Students will work together to reevaluate their original procedure and determine if it should change, along with the rankings.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Adopt-A-Road:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will use a realistic scenario in order to analyze the steps for adopting a road in their own community. The students will be required to activate prior knowledge about litter and natural habitats, brainstorm independently, and also collaborate within cooperative groups to create a written procedure to explain their reasoning. Students will take into consideration wildlife, traffic, the amount of litter, and the length of the road (which affects the cost of clean-up).

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Science Space Camp:

This MEA asks the students to compare information provided on various Science Space Camps to be attended by a student during the summer. They will take into account past attendees' reviews of the camps which should create interesting student discussions. They will use knowledge of operations to determine the difference in camp costs.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Traveling With Clifford:

In this MEA lesson plan, students will work on their map skills while they practice collecting data in categories, representing data using pictographs, and interpreting data in pictographs to solve a problem. Students will read and/or listen to the story Clifford Takes a Trip. After discussing the story, they will then plan a trip for Clifford to visit the great state of Florida.

Type: Lesson Plan

Flower Power Flower Company MEA & STEAM* Activity:

This STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math) lesson has been designed around a Model-Eliciting Activity.

The Flower Power MEA provides students with an real world problem in which they must work as a team to design a plan to select the best flower arrangement for a special event. The resource was primarily designed as an MEA so the time and teacher instructions are based on the MEA format. The additional activities will take several hours of instruction but include watching and discussing a video about the parts of plants, reading a book, and discussing the art in the book as well as additional art by the book author/illustrator.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Noritos Chip Company:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, the students will use data given in a tally chart and pictograph to help a chip company determine which new flavor of chips it should sell. Students will analyze the data and determine a procedure for ranking the chips. In the “twist,” students will be given the number of calories to compare and take into account for their procedure for ranking.

.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Crumbly Cookie Company:

Students will determine the best variety for a new cookie entering the market. Students will have to consider flavor, smell, appearance, and the number of cookies in the package.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Planting Vegetables After a Storm:

In this open-ended question, students in teams will make decisions about how to rank vegetables to plant on a farm. The students' decisions will be based on various criteria.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Visiting Animals and Plants:

Students will use data in the form of bar graphs and tables to determine a procedure for ranking zoos for a field trip. In the “twist” students will have to consider the cost for students using addition and subtraction of dollar amounts.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Give it a Push!:

In this lesson, students learn about forces on objects such as a push or a pull. Students interact with items in their classroom testing pushes and pulls. Students explore the strength of pushes through a toy race investigation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Zaspper Baby Fun Toy Company:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work together to determine a procedure for ranking toys for a company. They will use data presented in a tally chart, count money, and consider information in tables.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Graphing with Tally O’Malley:

Students will collect data from the book "Graphing with Tally O'Malley," and represent the data using tally marks and pictographs.

Type: Lesson Plan

Vote for Ice Cream:

Students will collect and represent data about their favorite ice cream flavors by creating a class tally chart. The students will then work in pairs to use the same data to create a pictograph. Students will use the data displays to answer questions about the total number of data points and to compare the categories.

Type: Lesson Plan

Introduction to Bar Graphs:

This lesson allows students to learn what bar graphs are used for, how to interpret the data presented, and how to organize their own data using bar graphs.

Type: Lesson Plan

Collecting Data Through the Holidays:

This lesson focuses on the use of tally charts, numerical tables, and bar graphs to collect, categorize, and represent data using holiday-based surveys. Students will find out who collected candy on Halloween, who ate corn on Thanksgiving, who left cookies for Santa on Christmas, etc. Teachers will make up their own questions to make the data collection relevant to their class.

Type: Lesson Plan

Original Student Tutorial

What's the Weather?:

Learn how to organize data in three categories as well as represent and interpret the data in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Problem-Solving Task

Favorite Ice Cream Flavor:

The purpose of this task is for students to practice collecting and interpreting data.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Teaching Idea

Weather or Not? (NCTM) - Featured for Math and Science Day:

These activities give students opportunities to investigate weather conditions that involve reading and recording temperatures, graphing, making charts, solving word problems, and working with numbers.

Used with permission from Teaching Children Mathematics, copyright April 2008 by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. All rights reserved.

Type: Teaching Idea

Virtual Manipulatives

Data Grapher:

Students use this interactive tool to explore the connections between data sets and their representations in charts and graphs. Enter data in a table (1 to 6 columns, unlimited rows), and preview or print bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts, and pictographs. Students can select which set(s) of data to display in each graph, and compare the effects of different representations of the same data. Instructions and exploration questions are provided using the expandable "+" signs above the tool.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

KidsZone: Create a Graph:

Create bar, line, pie, area, and xy graphs.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Histogram:

In this activity, students can create and view a histogram using existing data sets or original data entered. Students can adjust the interval size using a slider bar, and they can also adjust the other scales on the graph. This activity allows students to explore histograms as a way to represent data as well as the concepts of mean, standard deviation, and scale. This activity includes supplemental materials, including background information about the topics covered, a description of how to use the application, and exploration questions for use with the java applet.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

STEM Lessons - Model Eliciting Activity

Adopt-A-Road:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will use a realistic scenario in order to analyze the steps for adopting a road in their own community. The students will be required to activate prior knowledge about litter and natural habitats, brainstorm independently, and also collaborate within cooperative groups to create a written procedure to explain their reasoning. Students will take into consideration wildlife, traffic, the amount of litter, and the length of the road (which affects the cost of clean-up).

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Crumbly Cookie Company:

Students will determine the best variety for a new cookie entering the market. Students will have to consider flavor, smell, appearance, and the number of cookies in the package.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Fairycat Bookstore:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work in small groups to determine a procedure for deciding which book series they would like in their classroom library. Students will use information presented in pictographs and tally charts to determine this ranking. Then, in the twist, students will have to consider the cost of the series and what they will learn from each.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Flower Power Flower Company MEA & STEAM* Activity:

This STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math) lesson has been designed around a Model-Eliciting Activity.

The Flower Power MEA provides students with an real world problem in which they must work as a team to design a plan to select the best flower arrangement for a special event. The resource was primarily designed as an MEA so the time and teacher instructions are based on the MEA format. The additional activities will take several hours of instruction but include watching and discussing a video about the parts of plants, reading a book, and discussing the art in the book as well as additional art by the book author/illustrator.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Get Up and Move!:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work together to problem solve. The students are presented with a problem in which they have to decide on a procedure for choosing the activity that should be done at a Move-a-Thon fundraiser. Students will organize data in a tally chart as well as a pictograph. In the “twist” students will be given combinations of bills representing the value of each of the activities. Students will work together to reevaluate their original procedure and determine if it should change, along with the rankings.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Noritos Chip Company:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, the students will use data given in a tally chart and pictograph to help a chip company determine which new flavor of chips it should sell. Students will analyze the data and determine a procedure for ranking the chips. In the “twist,” students will be given the number of calories to compare and take into account for their procedure for ranking.

.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Planting Vegetables After a Storm:

In this open-ended question, students in teams will make decisions about how to rank vegetables to plant on a farm. The students' decisions will be based on various criteria.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Science Space Camp:

This MEA asks the students to compare information provided on various Science Space Camps to be attended by a student during the summer. They will take into account past attendees' reviews of the camps which should create interesting student discussions. They will use knowledge of operations to determine the difference in camp costs.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Traveling With Clifford:

In this MEA lesson plan, students will work on their map skills while they practice collecting data in categories, representing data using pictographs, and interpreting data in pictographs to solve a problem. Students will read and/or listen to the story Clifford Takes a Trip. After discussing the story, they will then plan a trip for Clifford to visit the great state of Florida.

Visiting Animals and Plants:

Students will use data in the form of bar graphs and tables to determine a procedure for ranking zoos for a field trip. In the “twist” students will have to consider the cost for students using addition and subtraction of dollar amounts.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Zaspper Baby Fun Toy Company:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work together to determine a procedure for ranking toys for a company. They will use data presented in a tally chart, count money, and consider information in tables.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

MFAS Formative Assessments

Flavors of Ice Cream:

Students read data and sort flavors of ice cream into different categories and then determine how many more students chose one flavor than another.

Pocket Data:

Students are to organize and represent a set of data.

Sort It Out:

Students sort classroom objects and then record how many are in each category. Then, students answer questions about the numbers of objects in each category.

What’s For Lunch?:

Students organize and interpret data about lunch preferences.

Original Student Tutorials Mathematics - Grades K-5

What's the Weather?:

Learn how to organize data in three categories as well as represent and interpret the data in this interactive tutorial.

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Original Student Tutorial

What's the Weather?:

Learn how to organize data in three categories as well as represent and interpret the data in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Virtual Manipulatives

Data Grapher:

Students use this interactive tool to explore the connections between data sets and their representations in charts and graphs. Enter data in a table (1 to 6 columns, unlimited rows), and preview or print bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts, and pictographs. Students can select which set(s) of data to display in each graph, and compare the effects of different representations of the same data. Instructions and exploration questions are provided using the expandable "+" signs above the tool.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Histogram:

In this activity, students can create and view a histogram using existing data sets or original data entered. Students can adjust the interval size using a slider bar, and they can also adjust the other scales on the graph. This activity allows students to explore histograms as a way to represent data as well as the concepts of mean, standard deviation, and scale. This activity includes supplemental materials, including background information about the topics covered, a description of how to use the application, and exploration questions for use with the java applet.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Problem-Solving Task

Favorite Ice Cream Flavor:

The purpose of this task is for students to practice collecting and interpreting data.

Type: Problem-Solving Task