MA.K.NSO.2.1

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Recite the number names to 100 by ones and by tens. Starting at a given number, count forward within 100 and backward within 20.

Clarifications

Clarification 1: When counting forward by ones, students are to say the number names in the standard order and understand that each successive number refers to a quantity that is one larger. When counting backward, students are to understand that each succeeding number in the count sequence refers to a quantity that is one less.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to recognize and count to 100 by the end of Kindergarten.

General Information
Subject Area: Mathematics (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: K
Strand: Number Sense and Operations
Standard: Recite number names sequentially within 100 and develop an understanding for place value.
Date Adopted or Revised: 08/20
Status: State Board Approved

Benchmark Instructional Guide

Connecting Benchmarks/Horizontal Alignment

 

Terms from the K-12 Glossary

  • NA

 

Vertical Alignment

Previous Benchmarks

 

Next Benchmarks

 

Purpose and Instructional Strategies

The purpose of this benchmark is to deepen student understanding of the counting sequence by 1s and 10s, both forwards and backwards, and to connect the counting sequence to place value. This benchmark will be a foundation as students begin to explore strategies for adding and subtracting. Developing fluency in counting (MTR.3.1) will allow students to use strategies to count on and count back, and fluency counting by 10s will be a foundation in building place value and related addition and subtraction strategies. In grade 1, students will count by 2’s and 5’s and identify numbers ten more or ten less than a two-digit number.
  • Instruction focuses on building understanding of numbers, not just their conventional names and sequence. 
    • For example, 11 can be described as 10 and 1; 20 as 2 tens and 80 as 8 tens (MTR.5.1). 
  • Instruction builds the foundation for students to develop the strategy of counting on and counting back in order to add and subtract (MTR.5.1). 
  • Students will learn to recognize written numerals from 0 to 100.

 

Common Misconceptions or Errors

  • Students may have difficulty moving from one group of tens to the next. 
    • For example, knowing that 30 comes after 29. Students may have to recount by tens to determine the next ten when counting through to 100. 
  • Students may be confused by the different pattern of word names for the “teens.”

 

Strategies to Support Tiered Instruction

  • Instruction includes an emphasis on connecting verbal counting with objects. Also counting to give purpose, meaning and to reciting the number sequence while attending to the strategies used to count objects. 
    • For example, the teacher provides number cards to reinforce the idea that the numbers we say can be represented with symbols and that numbers can be read to express a quantity. 
    • For example, counting collections of objects and using ten frames to group by tens can help students “see” and give meaning to the patterns found in counting by ones and by tens.

 

Instructional Tasks

Instructional Task 1

Cut a hundred chart up into irregular shapes along the lines of the rows and columns and have students put it back together in pairs using what they know about place value, patterns, and the concept of one more and one less. 

 

Enrichment Task 1 

Have students count pennies, both forwards and backwards, as they receive them or give them away.

 

Enrichment Task 2 

Looking ahead to MA.1.M.2.3, have students count by tens with dimes.

 

Instructional Items

Instructional Item 1 

Fill in the missing number or numbers below. 

48, 49, ___ 

73, 74, ___, ___, ___, 78

 19, 18, ___, ___ 

___, ___, 18, 19 

40, 50, _____


Instructional Item 2 

Start with 12 counters, then give them away one by one, stating each time how many you have left. 


*The strategies, tasks and items included in the B1G-M are examples and should not be considered comprehensive.

Related Courses

This benchmark is part of these courses.
5012020: Grade Kindergarten Mathematics (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
7712015: Access Mathematics - Grade Kindergarten (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
5012005: Foundational Skills in Mathematics K-2 (Specifically in versions: 2019 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))

Related Access Points

Alternate version of this benchmark for students with significant cognitive disabilities.
MA.K.NSO.2.AP.1: Express number names from 1 to 100 by ones and from 10 to 100 by tens. Starting at a given number, count forward to 20 and backwards within 10.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Formative Assessments

Count On:

Students begin counting at a number other than one.

Type: Formative Assessment

What Day of School Is It?:

Students are told what day of school it is and then asked to determine what day it will be 10 days later and what day comes after day 59.

Type: Formative Assessment

Count the Candy Corn:

Students count to 100 by tens.

Type: Formative Assessment

Count By Ones:

Students count by ones to 45.

Type: Formative Assessment

Counting On:

Students begin counting at a number other than one.

Type: Formative Assessment

Bundles of Ten:

Students are asked to count by tens and then use pictures of bundles of tens to demonstrate when counting by tens.

Type: Formative Assessment

Apples in a Bag:

Students are asked to consider what number comes next in the known sequence.

Type: Formative Assessment

Counting Strategies:

Students are asked to determine the total number of counters in three bags. One of the three bags is labeled with the number of items it contains, and the total number of counters is less than 20.

Type: Formative Assessment

Count the Dots Game:

Students use ten frames to Count On from a number other than one.

Type: Formative Assessment

Lesson Plans

She’s a Grand Old Flag:

Students will identify the American flag as an important symbol of the United States. They will collect and sort data from the American Flag and compare the attributes. Students will sort and count red stripes and white stripes, long stripes and short stripes, long red stripes and long white stripes, short red stripes and short white stripes. Students will compare the stripes using the number line. They will also count stars by 1’s and 10’s in this integrated lesson plan.

Type: Lesson Plan

Goodie Bags: Counting Forward:

This lesson is designed to provide students explicit instruction on counting forward using something they love: Candy! Students will use the candy as a real-world example of a time when counting forward is a useful strategy, in the context of getting goodie bags ready for a party.

Type: Lesson Plan

Garbage:

In this game, students will be using a pack of cards to fill in a tens frame by placing the numerals from 1 to 10 in order in the frame. Garbage tests students' skills with number recognition and being able to count forward, or backward, beginning from a given number within ten.

Type: Lesson Plan

Fireflies - Numbers 11-19:

In this lesson, students will manipulate beans (fireflies) to represent numbers 11-19 as a unit of ten and a group of ones.

Type: Lesson Plan

Show me 1,2,3,4,5:

This lesson is designed to teach students to write and represent groups of numbers using drawings. This lesson will cover the numbers 1 to 5.

Type: Lesson Plan

Counting On With SPLASH:

In this lesson, students will count forward from a given number while manipulating animals in a pond during a read aloud by the teacher.

Type: Lesson Plan

You Are a Smart Cookie:

The students will use M&M's to find the number that makes 10, for any number from 1 to 9, when added to the given number. Students will record the answer as both a drawing and an equation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Let Bullwinkle and His Friends Help You Count to 100:

Get your antlers ready and be prepared to travel to the Great White North to count to 100 by 1's and 10's. Bullwinkle the Moose and Fred the Reindeer show students how counting to 100 can be fun. Part of this interactive lesson can be done every morning during calendar time to continue practicing counting by 1’s and 10’s.

Type: Lesson Plan

Counting by 10's with Zero the Hero and Little Count:

In this lesson students will learn to count to 100 by 10's. The relationship between the numbers 1-10 and 10-100 will be made using the 100's chart followed by a PowerPoint story about Little Count the Caterpillar. Students will make their own Little Count the Caterpillar using circle body segments, where each circle represents the numerals 10, 20, 30... 

Type: Lesson Plan

Ten Red Apples - One less:

This activity practices taking one away from a number to compose an equation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Let's Go on a Counting Walk:

For this lesson, students will practice counting from a given number in the counting sequence. Students will go on a "Counting Walk" to practice this concept.

Type: Lesson Plan

How Many? Lesson 1 of 3:

The students will show understanding of the conservation of numbers regardless of the order in which objects were counted. The students will be able to tell "how many" without recounting objects and be able to explain that the amount is the same because no objects were added or taken away. 

Type: Lesson Plan

How Many? Lesson 2 of 3:

In this lesson, students will show understanding of the conservation of numbers regardless of the order in which they were counted. Student will be able to tell "how many" without recounting objects and be able to explain that the amount is the same because no objects were added or taken away.

Type: Lesson Plan

How Many? Lesson 3 of 3:

In this lesson, students will show understanding that "one more" is the next counting number. Student will be able to tell "how many" without recounting objects and be able to explain that the total amount is the next counting number because it is one more.

Type: Lesson Plan

Original Student Tutorials

Brent's Pet Quest: Learning the Number 8 (Part 1):

Help Brent earn supplies to adopt a cat by counting to 8, recognizing the number 8, and counting 8 objects in a line in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Counting to 10 With Scout:

Come along with Scout as he prepares supplies for a camping adventure. You will learn to count to 10, recognize the number 10, and count 10 objects in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Exploring 10 with Scout:

Get ready to set up camp with Scout as you explore the number 10. You will count 10 objects in a circle, count a group of 10 objects, and count out 10 objects in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Summer's Pool Party: Learning the Number 9 (Part 1):

In Part 1 of Summer's Pool Party, students assist Summer in preparing for a pool party with her friends. They will help Summer count to 9, recognize the number 9, and count 9 objects in a line.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Counting 7 with Treasure Tracker Tyler:

Help Tyler count seven objects in a scattered arrangement, group seven objects, and count out seven objects one by one with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Ahoy! Counting to 7 with Polly Parrot:

Help Polly Parrot count to 7, recognize the numeral 7, and count 7 objects in a line with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Buddy’s Treehouse Adventure: Learning the Number 6 (Part 2):

Help Buddy count 6 objects in an array, group with 6 objects, and count out 6 objects as he builds his treehouse in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 2 in a two-part series. Click HERE to open part 1.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Buddy’s Treehouse Adventure (Part 1): Learning the Number 6:

Help Buddy count to six, recognize the number 6, and count six objects in a line with this interactive tutorial,

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Hopscotch Counting On: 11-20:

Count on beginning at any number within 11-20 in this playground-themed, interactive tutorial.

This is part 2 in a two-part series. Click to open Part 1, Hopscotch Counting On: 1-10.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Hopscotch Counting On: 1-10:

Count on beginning at any number within 1-10 in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Washing Hands: Counting to 20:

Learn how to wash your hands and count to 20 in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Counting on by Ones When Given Any Number From 0 through 20:

Practice counting on by ones from a given number zero through twenty, as you help Miranda and Jacob in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Counting by Ones:

Join Thomas and count to twenty by ones in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

I Can Count... By Ones to Ten:

Learn to count to ten by ones with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Hundred Chart:

This video explores how the hundred chart can be used to help students recognize number patterns and develop early place value understanding. It focuses on using the chart to build fluency with concepts like 1 more, 1 less, 10 more, and 10 less, as well as recognizing patterns in skip-counting by 5s and 10s. By engaging with the structure of the chart, students begin to notice predictable patterns and relationships among numbers.

Type: Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Student Center Activity

Count on it:

In this game, students develop fluency with counting sequences and number patterns and strengthen number sense through movement, rhythm, and voice modulation while also practicing active participation and listening skills.

FCR-STEM’s Count Us In! initiative is designed to support out-of-school providers and parents in fostering math success and enjoyment among K-5 children.

Type: Student Center Activity

Worksheet

Hundred Chart:

Hundred Chart

Type: Worksheet

MFAS Formative Assessments

Apples in a Bag:

Students are asked to consider what number comes next in the known sequence.

Bundles of Ten:

Students are asked to count by tens and then use pictures of bundles of tens to demonstrate when counting by tens.

Count By Ones:

Students count by ones to 45.

Count On:

Students begin counting at a number other than one.

Count the Candy Corn:

Students count to 100 by tens.

Count the Dots Game:

Students use ten frames to Count On from a number other than one.

Counting On:

Students begin counting at a number other than one.

Counting Strategies:

Students are asked to determine the total number of counters in three bags. One of the three bags is labeled with the number of items it contains, and the total number of counters is less than 20.

What Day of School Is It?:

Students are told what day of school it is and then asked to determine what day it will be 10 days later and what day comes after day 59.

Original Student Tutorials Mathematics - Grades K-5

Ahoy! Counting to 7 with Polly Parrot:

Help Polly Parrot count to 7, recognize the numeral 7, and count 7 objects in a line with this interactive tutorial.

Brent's Pet Quest: Learning the Number 8 (Part 1):

Help Brent earn supplies to adopt a cat by counting to 8, recognizing the number 8, and counting 8 objects in a line in this interactive tutorial.

Buddy’s Treehouse Adventure (Part 1): Learning the Number 6:

Help Buddy count to six, recognize the number 6, and count six objects in a line with this interactive tutorial,

Buddy’s Treehouse Adventure: Learning the Number 6 (Part 2):

Help Buddy count 6 objects in an array, group with 6 objects, and count out 6 objects as he builds his treehouse in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 2 in a two-part series. Click HERE to open part 1.

Counting 7 with Treasure Tracker Tyler:

Help Tyler count seven objects in a scattered arrangement, group seven objects, and count out seven objects one by one with this interactive tutorial.

Counting by Ones:

Join Thomas and count to twenty by ones in this interactive tutorial.

Counting on by Ones When Given Any Number From 0 through 20:

Practice counting on by ones from a given number zero through twenty, as you help Miranda and Jacob in this interactive tutorial.

Counting to 10 With Scout:

Come along with Scout as he prepares supplies for a camping adventure. You will learn to count to 10, recognize the number 10, and count 10 objects in this interactive tutorial.

Exploring 10 with Scout:

Get ready to set up camp with Scout as you explore the number 10. You will count 10 objects in a circle, count a group of 10 objects, and count out 10 objects in this interactive tutorial.

Hopscotch Counting On: 1-10:

Count on beginning at any number within 1-10 in this interactive tutorial.

Hopscotch Counting On: 11-20:

Count on beginning at any number within 11-20 in this playground-themed, interactive tutorial.

This is part 2 in a two-part series. Click to open Part 1, Hopscotch Counting On: 1-10.

I Can Count... By Ones to Ten:

Learn to count to ten by ones with this interactive tutorial.

Summer's Pool Party: Learning the Number 9 (Part 1):

In Part 1 of Summer's Pool Party, students assist Summer in preparing for a pool party with her friends. They will help Summer count to 9, recognize the number 9, and count 9 objects in a line.

Washing Hands: Counting to 20:

Learn how to wash your hands and count to 20 in this interactive tutorial.

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Original Student Tutorials

Brent's Pet Quest: Learning the Number 8 (Part 1):

Help Brent earn supplies to adopt a cat by counting to 8, recognizing the number 8, and counting 8 objects in a line in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Counting to 10 With Scout:

Come along with Scout as he prepares supplies for a camping adventure. You will learn to count to 10, recognize the number 10, and count 10 objects in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Exploring 10 with Scout:

Get ready to set up camp with Scout as you explore the number 10. You will count 10 objects in a circle, count a group of 10 objects, and count out 10 objects in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Summer's Pool Party: Learning the Number 9 (Part 1):

In Part 1 of Summer's Pool Party, students assist Summer in preparing for a pool party with her friends. They will help Summer count to 9, recognize the number 9, and count 9 objects in a line.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Counting 7 with Treasure Tracker Tyler:

Help Tyler count seven objects in a scattered arrangement, group seven objects, and count out seven objects one by one with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Ahoy! Counting to 7 with Polly Parrot:

Help Polly Parrot count to 7, recognize the numeral 7, and count 7 objects in a line with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Buddy’s Treehouse Adventure: Learning the Number 6 (Part 2):

Help Buddy count 6 objects in an array, group with 6 objects, and count out 6 objects as he builds his treehouse in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 2 in a two-part series. Click HERE to open part 1.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Buddy’s Treehouse Adventure (Part 1): Learning the Number 6:

Help Buddy count to six, recognize the number 6, and count six objects in a line with this interactive tutorial,

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Hopscotch Counting On: 11-20:

Count on beginning at any number within 11-20 in this playground-themed, interactive tutorial.

This is part 2 in a two-part series. Click to open Part 1, Hopscotch Counting On: 1-10.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Hopscotch Counting On: 1-10:

Count on beginning at any number within 1-10 in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Washing Hands: Counting to 20:

Learn how to wash your hands and count to 20 in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Counting on by Ones When Given Any Number From 0 through 20:

Practice counting on by ones from a given number zero through twenty, as you help Miranda and Jacob in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Counting by Ones:

Join Thomas and count to twenty by ones in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

I Can Count... By Ones to Ten:

Learn to count to ten by ones with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Worksheet

Hundred Chart:

Hundred Chart

Type: Worksheet

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Student Center Activity

Count on it:

In this game, students develop fluency with counting sequences and number patterns and strengthen number sense through movement, rhythm, and voice modulation while also practicing active participation and listening skills.

FCR-STEM’s Count Us In! initiative is designed to support out-of-school providers and parents in fostering math success and enjoyment among K-5 children.

Type: Student Center Activity