Standard #: MA.7.DP.2.3


This document was generated on CPALMS - www.cpalms.org



Find the theoretical probability of an event related to a simple experiment.


Clarifications


Clarification 1: Instruction includes representing probability as a fraction, percentage or decimal.

Clarification 2: Simple experiments include tossing a fair coin, rolling a fair die, picking a card randomly from a deck, picking marbles randomly from a bag and spinning a fair spinner.



General Information

Subject Area: Mathematics (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: 7
Strand: Data Analysis and Probability
Status: State Board Approved

Benchmark Instructional Guide

Connecting Benchmarks/Horizontal Alignment

 

Terms from the K-12 Glossary

  • Event
  • Theoretical Probability

 

Vertical Alignment

Previous Benchmarks

Next Benchmarks

 

Purpose and Instructional Strategies

In grade 7, students find the theoretical probability of an event related to a simple experiment, and in grade 8, they will find the theoretical probability of an event related to a repeated experiment. 
  • Instruction builds on finding sample spaces from MA.7.DP.2.1. Have students discuss their understanding of the words “theoretical” and “probability” to build toward a formal definition of theoretical probability.
  • When finding theoretical probability, have students work from their sample space. Doing so will lead to the understanding that since experiments for this benchmark are fair, the probability of an event is equivalent to number of outcomes in the eventnumber of outcomes in the sample space.
    • For example, if rolling a fair 6-sided die, the sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,}. If one wants to find P(rolling  an  odd  number), students can circle all of the odd numbers from the sample space to determine the probability as , or 0.5.
  • While the benchmark does focus on fair experiments, instruction could include spinners with unequal sections making the connection to angle measures and to circle graphs.
  • Instruction focuses on the simple experiments listed in Clarification 2.
    • For example, when tossing a coin with one side colored yellow and the other side colored red, P(landing on blue) = 0.
    • For example, when rolling a 10-sided die, P(no rollin a  multiple  of 3) = 0.7.
    • For example, when picking a card from a deck that contains each of the letters of the alphabet, P(picking a constant) = 2126.
    • For example, when picking a tiles from a bag that contains a set of chess pieces, P(picking a pawn) = 50%.
    • For example, when spinning a spinner that contains 5 sections where two of the sections are green and the remaining sections are red, white and blue,
      P(landing on a color from the American flag) = 35.

 

Common Misconceptions or Errors

  • Students may incorrectly convert forms of probability between fractions and percentages. To address this misconception, scaffold with more familiar values initially to facilitate the interpretation.
  • Students may incorrectly count outcomes when one outcome appears more than once in the sample space.
    • For example, if the sample space is {red, red, blue} and one wants to find P(red), a student may incorrectly state 12 or 13 instead of 23.

 

Strategies to Support Tiered Instruction

  • Teacher provides instruction in converting between fractions and percentages, by using more familiar values.
    • For example, 12 = 50%, 14 = 25%, 13 ≈ 33.3%, etc.
  • Teacher co-creates a T-chart (like the one below) to list the experiment and the sample space necessary for the examples provided.
    T-chart with headings 'Experiment' and 'Sample Space'

 

Instructional Tasks

Instructional Task 1 (MTR.4.1, MTR.7.1)
Look at the shirt you are wearing today and determine how many buttons it has. Then complete the following table for all the members of your class.
Table with rows 'Male' and 'Female' And Columns 'No Buttons', 'One or Two Buttons', 'Three or Four Buttons', 'More Than Four Buttons,
Suppose each student writes his or her name on an index card, and one card is selected randomly.
  • Part A. What is the probability that the student whose card is selected is wearing a shirt with no buttons?
  • Part B. What is the probability that the student whose card is selected is female and is wearing a shirt with two or fewer buttons?

Instructional Task 2 (MTR.4.1, MTR.5.1)

There is only one question on the next quiz and it will be true or false.
  • Part A. If a student randomly answers the question, what is the probability of earning a score of 100%?
  • Part B. What is the probability of earning a 50%?

 

Instructional Items

Instructional Item 1
What is the probability of choosing a 9 from a standard deck of 52 cards?

Instructional Item 2
There are 7 red, 5 blue and 12 green marbles in a bag.
  • Part A. What is the probability of choosing a red marble?
  • Part B. What is the probability of not choosing a green marble?
  • Part C. What is the probability of choosing a yellow marble?
  • Part D. What is the probability of choosing a red or blue marble?

 

*The strategies, tasks and items included in the B1G-M are examples and should not be considered comprehensive.


Related Courses

Course Number1111 Course Title222
1205020: M/J Accelerated Mathematics Grade 6 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2020, 2020 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1205040: M/J Grade 7 Mathematics (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1204000: M/J Foundational Skills in Mathematics 6-8 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7812020: Access M/J Grade 7 Mathematics (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2019, 2019 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))


Related Access Points

Access Point Number Access Point Title
MA.7.DP.2.AP.3 Determine the theoretical probability of a simple chance event.


Related Resources

Formative Assessments

Name Description
Game of Chance

Students are asked to estimate the frequency of an event given its probability and explain why an expected frequency might differ from an observed frequency.

Technical Difficulties

Students are given a scenario and asked to determine the probability of two different events.

Lesson Plans

Name Description
Probability of Being Summoned for Jury Duty

Students will explore how an individual’s personal experience may impact their interpretation of the likelihood of a specific event by comparing theoretical and experimental probabilities in the context of being summoned for jury duty in this integrated lesson.

Experimental and Theoretical Probability

Students will compare experimental and theoretical probability using a standard deck of cards.  Then, given fictional data from the population of 3 counties in Florida, they will compare the theoretical probability of an individual being summoned for jury service in each county to the experimental probability based on individual experiences.  Finally, students will evaluate the impact of sample size on this comparison and explore the importance of a random jury summons process in our judicial system in this integrated lesson.

What is the Likelihood?

Students will develop an understanding of likelihood based on calculated probabilities and relate these concepts to being called for jury duty in this integrated lesson.

Genetics Has Gone to the Dogs!

This lesson uses pooches to teach about pedigrees and the impact of artificial selection on individuals and populations as well as to drive home math concepts already discussed in lessons on Punnet squares.

Independent Compound Probability

During this lesson, students will use Punnett Squares to determine the probability of an offspring's characteristics.

Probabilities and Punnett Squares

Students simulate the process of meiosis for an alien society. The students choose physical characteristics for hair, nose and eyes corresponding to genes and then generate two alien babies. Then pictures of the parents and babies are drawn, with similarities and differences noted and explained.

Perspectives Video: Expert

Name Description
History of Probability and the Problem of Points

What was the first question that started probability theory?

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Text Resource

Name Description
Shuffling Shenanigans

This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the content area. A student in love with magic card tricks asks and answers his own math questions after pursuing a career as a mathematician in order to solve them. How many times must a deck be shuffled to achieve a truly random mix of cards? The answer lies within.

Tutorials

Name Description
Finding Probability

This video demonstrates several examples of finding probability of random events.

Finding Probability of a Simple Event

This video demonstrates how to find the probability of a simple event.

Student Resources

Tutorials

Name Description
Finding Probability:

This video demonstrates several examples of finding probability of random events.

Finding Probability of a Simple Event:

This video demonstrates how to find the probability of a simple event.



Printed On:3/28/2024 11:44:37 PM
Print Page | Close this window