Cluster 2: Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables. (Algebra 1 - Supporting Cluster) (Algebra 2 - Supporting Cluster)Archived

Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.

General Information
Number: MAFS.912.S-ID.2
Title: Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables. (Algebra 1 - Supporting Cluster) (Algebra 2 - Supporting Cluster)
Type: Cluster
Subject: Mathematics - Archived
Grade: 912
Domain-Subdomain: Statistics & Probability: Interpreting Categorical & Quantitative Data

Related Standards

This cluster includes the following benchmarks.

Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Access Points

MAFS.912.S-ID.2.AP.5a
Recognize associations and trends in data from a two-way table.
MAFS.912.S-ID.2.AP.6a
Create a scatter plot from two quantitative variables.
MAFS.912.S-ID.2.AP.6b
Describe the form, strength, and direction of the relationship.
MAFS.912.S-ID.2.AP.6c
Categorize data as linear or not.
MAFS.912.S-ID.2.AP.6d
Use algebraic methods and technology to fit a linear function to the data.
MAFS.912.S-ID.2.AP.6e
Use the function to predict values.
MAFS.912.S-ID.2.AP.6f
Explain the meaning of the constant and coefficients in context.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Educational Software / Tool

Two Way Frequency Excel Spreadsheet:

This Excel spreadsheet allows the educator to input data into a two way frequency table and have the resulting relative frequency charts calculated automatically on the second sheet. This resource will assist the educator in checking student calculations on student-generated data quickly and easily.

Steps to add data: All data is input on the first spreadsheet; all tables are calculated on the second spreadsheet

  1. Modify column and row headings to match your data.
  2. Input joint frequency data.
  3. Click the second tab at the bottom of the window to see the automatic calculations.

Type: Educational Software / Tool

Formative Assessments

Residuals:

Students are asked to compute, graph, and interpret the residuals associated with a line of best fit.

Type: Formative Assessment

Marginal and Joint Frequency:

Students are asked to use a two-way frequency table to interpret marginal and joint relative frequencies.

Type: Formative Assessment

Who Is a Vegetarian?:

Students are given a two-way frequency table and asked to determine if there is a relationship between the two variables.

Type: Formative Assessment

Breakfast Drink Preference:

Students are asked to use data from a survey to create a two-way frequency table.

Type: Formative Assessment

Conditional Relative Frequency:

Students are asked to use a two-way frequency table to interpret two different conditional relative frequencies.

Type: Formative Assessment

Swimming Predictions:

Students are asked to use a linear model to make and interpret predictions in the context of the data.

Type: Formative Assessment

House Prices:

Students are asked to informally fit a line to model the relationship between two quantitative variables in a scatterplot, write the equation of the line, and use it to make a prediction.

Type: Formative Assessment

Fit a Function:

Students are given a set of data and are asked to use technology to create a scatter plot and write a function that fits the data set.

Type: Formative Assessment

Lesson Plans

Legos, Lunch, and Lollipops: an introduction to two-way frequency tables:

Students will learn how to read, complete, and interpret two-way frequency tables.

Type: Lesson Plan

Sea Ice Analysis:

The changing climate is an important topic for both scientific analysis and worldly knowledge. This lesson uses data collected by the National Snow and Ice Data Center to create and use mathematical models as a predictive tool and do critical analysis of sea ice loss.

Type: Lesson Plan

A Day at the Park:

In this activity, students investigate a set of bivariate data to determine if there is a relationship between concession sales in the park and temperature. Students will construct a scatter plot, model the relationship with a linear function, write the equation of the function, and use it to make predictions about values of variables.

Type: Lesson Plan

You Can Plot it! Bivariate Data:

Students create scatter plots, calculate a regression equation using technology, and interpret the slope and y-intercept of the equation in the context of the data. This review lesson relates graphical and algebraic representations of bivariate data.

Type: Lesson Plan

How Hot Is It?:

This lesson allows the students to connect the science of cricket chirps to mathematics. In this lesson, students will collect real data using the CD "Myths and Science of Cricket Chirps" (or use supplied data), display the data in a graph, and then find and use the mathematical model that fits their data.

Type: Lesson Plan

Investigating Relationships With Two-Way Frequency Tables:

In this lesson, students are introduced to two-way frequency tables. They will calculate joint, marginal, and relative frequencies and draw conclusions about the relationship between two categorical variables.

Type: Lesson Plan

What happens to available energy as it moves through an ecosystem?:

This activity is a lab exercise where students look at the passing of water in cups and compare it to the loss of available energy as it moves through an ecosystem. Students will collect data, calculate efficiency, graph the data and respond to reflection questions to connect the data to what happens in an ecosystem. The end of the activity includes a connection to the 10% rule where only 10% of energy from one trophic level is available at the next level.

Type: Lesson Plan

Can You Walk in My Shoes?:

Students use real-life data to create dot-plots and two-way tables. Students will collect data at the beginning of the lesson and use that data to create double dot plots and frequency tables, finding and interpreting relative frequencies.

The assignment allows students to work collaboratively and cooperatively in groups. They will communicate within groups to compare shoes sizes and ages to acquire their data. From the collection of data they should be able to predict, analyze and organize the data into categories (two-way tables) or place on a number line (dot-plot).

As the class assignment concludes, a discussion of the final class display should take place about the purchasing of shoes versus ages and the relationship that either exists or doesn't exist.

Type: Lesson Plan

Span the Distance Glider - Correlation Coefficient:

This lesson will provide students with an opportunity to collect and analyze bivariate data and use technology to create scatter plots, lines of best fit, and determine the correlation strength of the data being compared. Students will have a hands on inquire based lesson that allows them to create gliders to analyze data. This lesson is an application of skills acquired in a bivariate unit of study.

Type: Lesson Plan

How Random is "Shuffle Mode"?:

Today's teenager is a savvy consumer of digital music and the constantly-evolving technology that plays it. Ask a typical student what they know about iTunes versus Pandora versus Spotify—most of them will have an opinion on the "best" service for listening to songs. This lesson links students' existing interest in music with the mathematical topics of frequency and relative frequency.

The activity assumes that students know what Shuffle Mode does when they listen to digital music. Shuffle Mode is a function on digital music players that "shuffles" or randomly rearranges the order of a list of songs. Each time a person presses Shuffle Mode, the playlist is rearranged. If we assume a music player's Shuffle Mode is truly random, the chances of any particular song being played would equal 1 divided by the total number of songs (1/total #). This is analogous to rolling a fair die; each number on the die has an equal probability of being rolled (1/6 or 16.7%).

Type: Lesson Plan

Dropping Out or Staying In: Two-Way Table Analysis:

This lesson will require students to calculate relative frequencies and determine if an association exists within a two-way table. The students will analyze the frequencies and write a response justifying the associations and trends found within the table.

Type: Lesson Plan

Scatter Plots:

This lesson is an introduction to scatterplots and how to use a trend line to make predictions. Students should have some knowledge of graphing bivariate data prior to this lesson.

Type: Lesson Plan

What's your preference?:

In this lesson, students will collect data and construct two-way frequency tables. They will analyze the two-way frequency table by calculating relative conditional frequencies.

Type: Lesson Plan

Study of Crowd Ratings at Disney:

In this lesson, students develop a strong use of the vocabulary of correlation by investigating crowd ratings at Disney. Students will determine weekly crowd rating regression lines and correlations and discuss what this means for a Disney visit.

Type: Lesson Plan

Hand Me Your Data:

Students will gather and use data to calculate a line of fit and the correlation coefficient with their classmates' height and hand size. They will use their line of fit to make approximations.

Type: Lesson Plan

What's Your Story?: Exploring Marginal and Conditional Distributions Through Social Networks:

In this interactive lesson, students explore marginal and conditional distributions. Students will calculate the relative frequency of data collected about cell phone use and social media access. These categories can be adjusted as necessary.

Type: Lesson Plan

What Will I Pay?:

Who doesn't want to save money? In this lesson, students will learn how a better credit score will save them money. They will use a scatter plot to see the relationship between credit scores and car loan interest rates. They will determine a line of fit equation and interpret the slope and y-intercept to make conclusions about interest and credit scores.

Type: Lesson Plan

Calculating Residuals and Constructing a Residual Plot with Soccer Seats:

Students will learn all about residuals. The definition, how to calculate them, how to plot and analyze residuals, and how to use them to assess the fit of a linear function. They will do this within the context of comparing the location of a seat in a soccer stadium with its price.

Type: Lesson Plan

Relative Frequency Tables... with extra cheese!:

Have students get colorful in defining marginal, joint and conditional frequencies of two-way frequency tables. Students will take charge in justifying the associations they find in the tables.

Type: Lesson Plan

An Introduction to Finding Residuals:

Students will calculate the residuals of two-variable data. Teachers are provided with materials to review, present, practice, and assess students for this new topic. This is an introductory lesson and could be used before teaching residual plots.

Type: Lesson Plan

High School Dropouts:

Students will examine dropout rates in the United States in 2012 by gender and race using data provided by the National Center for Education Statistics. Students will create conditional relative frequency tables to interpret the data and identify associations between genders, races, and dropout rates.

Type: Lesson Plan

It's Your Choice:

In groups, students will analyze associations between categorical data by constructing two-way frequency tables and two-way relative frequency tables. Students will analyze and interpret the results and present their findings to their classmates.

Type: Lesson Plan

Breakfast for Champions?:

Students will create and interpret two-way frequency tables using joint, marginal, and conditional frequencies in context. They will investigate whether breakfast is for champions.

Type: Lesson Plan

Why do I have to have a bedtime?:

This predict, observe, explain lesson that allows students to make predictions based on prior knowledge, observations, discussions, and calculations. Students will receive the opportunity to express themselves and their ideas while explaining what they learned. Students will make a prediction, collect data, and construct a scatter plot. Next, students will calculate the correlation coefficient and use it to describe the strength and magnitude of a relationship.

Type: Lesson Plan

Using Two-Way Frequency Tables to Analyze Data:

The television program, 60 Minutes reports that parents are intentionally holding their children back in kindergarten to give them a competitive advantage in sports later on in life. The students will use data collected to decide if this is truly a trend in the United States.

Type: Lesson Plan

Comedy vs. Action Movies Frequency Interpretation:

Using a completed survey of male and female student interest in comedy vs. action movies, the students will create a two-way frequency table using actual data results, fraction results, and percent results. The students will then act as the movie producer and interpret the data to determine if it is in their best interest to make a comedy or action movie. As the Summative Assessment, the student will take on the job/role of an actor/actress and interpret the data to support their decision.

Type: Lesson Plan

Steel vs. Wooden Roller Coaster Lab:

This lesson is a Follow Up Activity to the Algebra Institute and allows students to apply their skills on analyzing bivariate data. This STEM lesson allows students the opportunity to investigate if there is a linear relationship between a coaster's height and speed. Using technology the students can determine the line of best fit, correlation coefficient and use the line for interpolation. This lesson also uses prior knowledge and has students solve systems of equations graphically to determine which type of coaster is faster.

Type: Lesson Plan

Height Arm Juxtaposition:

This lesson is a Follow Up Activity to the Algebra Institute and allows students to apply their skills on analyzing bivariate data. This STEM lesson allows students the opportunity to investigate if there is a linear relationship between a person's height and arm length. Using technology the students will explore in-depth how to perform a least square regression as a procedure for determining the line of best fit.

Type: Lesson Plan

Height Scatterplot Lab:

This lesson is a Follow Up Activity to the Algebra Institute and allows students to apply their skills on analyzing bivariate data. This STEM lesson allows students the opportunity to investigate if there is a linear relationship between a person's height and foot length. Using technology the students can determine the line of best fit, correlation coefficient and use the line for interpolation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Does It Fit?:

The students are asked to create a scatter plot of Bennie's height, determine an equation of best fit, calculate residuals and create a residual plot. The students are then asked to use the residual plot to determine if a linear model is the best predictor of the data.

Type: Lesson Plan

Is My Model Working?:

Students will enjoy this project lesson that allows them to choose and collect their own data. They will create a scatter plot and find the line of fit. Next they write interpretations of their slope and y-intercept. Their final challenge is to calculate residuals and conclude whether or not their data is consistent with their linear model.

Type: Lesson Plan

Show Me the Money:

Students will create a statistical question and collect and analyze data using relative frequency tables. They will present their argument in hopes of earning a cash prize for their philanthropy. An iterative process of critique and refinement will take place. A student packet is included that guides all parts of the lesson.

Type: Lesson Plan

Fit Your Function:

Students will make a scatter plot and then create a line of fit for the data. From their graph, students will make predictions and describe relationships between the variables. Students will make predictions, inquire, and formulate ideas from observations and discussions.

Type: Lesson Plan

Quantitative or Qualitative?:

This lesson examines the differences between quantitative and qualitative data and guides students through displaying quantitative data on a scatter plot and then separating the data into qualitative categories to be displayed and interpreted in a two-way frequency table.

Type: Lesson Plan

Are you a CrimiNole or Gatorbait? Two rivalries in one table!:

This is an introduction to two-way frequency tables. The lesson will be delivered using a PowerPoint presentation. The teacher will introduce and define joint and marginal frequency, demonstrate how two-way frequency tables are constructed from a given set of data, calculate relative frequencies, and draw conclusions based on the information in the table. Students will practice these skills through guided practice with the teacher, independent practice, and complete a summative assessment to measure student learning. All resources, including the PowerPoint, have been provided.

Type: Lesson Plan

Mass Mole Relationships: A Statistical Approach To Accuracy and Precision:

The lesson is a laboratory-based activity involving measurement, accuracy and precision, stoichiometry and a basic statistical analysis of data using a scatter plot, linear equation, and linear regression (line of best fit). The lesson includes teacher-led discussions with student participation and laboratory-based group activities.

Type: Lesson Plan

Can You Make Heads or Tails of It?:

Students learn how to make two-way tables, frequency, and relevant frequency tables. Students make predictions, collect data, and display it in two-way tables for interpretation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Two-Way Frequency Table and Relative Frequency:

In this lesson, the student will learn how to set up a two-way frequency table from two categorical variables and use the two-way frequency table to calculate frequency counts and relative frequency. The vocabulary terms learned in this lesson are two-way frequency table, relative frequency, joint frequency, marginal frequency, and conditional frequency.

Type: Lesson Plan

Doggie Data: It's a Dog's Life:

Students use real-world data to construct and interpret scatter plots using technology. Students will create a scatter plot with a line of fit and a function. They describe the relationship of bivariate data. They recognize and interpret the slope and y-intercept of the line of fit within the context of the data.

Type: Lesson Plan

How hot are hot dogs?:

In this lesson, students will learn how to convert simple and two-way frequency tables into relative frequency tables using data collected in the classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Legos, Lunch, and Lollipops: an introduction to two-way frequency tables:

Students will learn how to read, complete, and interpret two-way frequency tables.

Type: Lesson Plan

Devising a Measure for Correlation:

This lesson unit is intended to help you assess how well students understand the notion of correlation. In particular this unit aims to identify and help students who have difficulty in understanding correlation as the degree of fit between two variables, making a mathematical model of a situation, testing and improving the model, communicating their reasoning clearly and evaluating alternative models of the situation.

Type: Lesson Plan

CollegeReview.com:

This is a model-eliciting activity where students have been asked by a new website, CollegeReview.com, to come up with a system to rank various colleges based on five categories; tuition cost, social life, athletics, education, city population and starting salary upon graduation.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

The Music Is On and Popping! Two-way Tables:

This MEA is designed to have teams of 4 students look at data in a two-way table. Teams must discuss which categorical or quantitative factors might be the driving force of a song's popularity. Hopefully, popular songs have some common thread running through them.

Each team must write down their thought process for creating the most popular playlist of songs for a local radio station. A major constraint for each team is explaining how they will maximize the 11 minutes available with the most popular songs.

Students will be provided with letters from a local radio station, WMMM - where you can receive your "Daily Mix of Music and Math." WMMM has 10 songs and the researchers have collected data on each. Student teams: it is your responsibility to pick the playlist and write a letter to the station supporting why you made your selection. The winning team gets an opportunity to record a sound bite to introduce their playlist on the radio.

Now, just when the teams believe they have addressed WMMM's request, a twist is thrown in the midst, and the student teams must return to the drawing board and write a second letter to the station which may or may not affect the team's original playlist.

Do you have the musical swag to connect the associations?

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought processes. MEAs follow a problem-based, student-centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEAs visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx.

Type: Lesson Plan

Hybrid-Electric Vehicles vs. Gasoline-Powered Vehicles:

Students will be comparing hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV) versus gasoline-powered vehicles. They will research the benefits of owning a HEV while also analyzing the cost effectiveness.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Scatter plots, spaghetti, and predicting the future:

Students will construct a scatter plot from given data. They will identify the correlation, sketch an approximate line of fit, and determine an equation for the line of fit. They will explain the meaning of the slope and y-intercept in the context of the data and use the line of fit to interpolate and extrapolate values.

Type: Lesson Plan

Shake it up:

Students will model molecular motion with everyday materials (shaker bottles) then associate their model/actions to the phase transitions of water while graphing its heat curve from data collected during a structured inquiry lab.

Type: Lesson Plan

Original Student Tutorial

Data and Frequencies:

Learn to define, calculate, and interpret marginal frequencies, joint frequencies, and conditional frequencies in the context of the data with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Perspectives Video: Experts

Birdsong Series: Statistical Analysis of Birdsong:

<p>Wei&nbsp;Wu discusses his statistical contributions to the Birdsong project which help to quantify&nbsp;the differences in the changes of the zebra finch's song.</p>

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

Assessment of Past and Present Rates of Sea Level Change:

<p>In this video, Brad Rosenheim describes how Louisiana sediment cores are used to estimate sea level changes over the last 10,000 years.&nbsp;Video funded by&nbsp;NSF&nbsp;grant #:&nbsp;OCE-1502753.</p>

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

Mathematically Exploring the Wakulla Caves:

The tide is high! How can we statistically prove there is a relationship between the tides on the Gulf Coast and in a fresh water spring 20 miles from each other?

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

MicroGravity Sensors & Statistics:

Statistical analysis played an essential role in using microgravity sensors to determine location of caves in Wakulla County.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiasts

Determining Strengths of Shark Models based on Scatterplots and Regression:

Chip Cotton, fishery biologist, discusses his use of mathematical regression modeling and how well the data fits his models based on his deep sea shark research.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Type: Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Slope and Deep Sea Sharks:

Shark researcher, Chip Cotton, discusses the use of regression lines, slope, and determining the strength of the models he uses in his research.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Type: Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Mathematically Modeling Eddy Shedding :

<p>COAPS oceanographer Dmitry Dukhovskoy describes the process used to mathematically model eddy shedding in the Gulf of Mexico.</p>

Type: Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Residuals and Laboratory Standards:

<p>Laws and regulations that affect the public are being formed based on data from a variety of laboratories. How can we be sure that the laboratories are all standardized?</p>

Type: Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Analyzing Wildlife Data Trends with Regression :

<p>Dr. Bill McShea from the Smithsonian Institution discusses how regression analysis helps in his research.</p> <p>This video was created in collaboration with the Okaloosa County SCIENCE Partnership, including the Smithsonian Institution and Harvard University.</p>

Type: Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Problem-Solving Tasks

Musical Preferences:

This problem solving task asks students to make deductions about the kind of music students enjoy by examining data in a two-way table.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Coffee and Crime:

This problem solving task asks students to examine the relationship between shops and crimes by using a correlation coefficient. The implications of linking correlation with causation are discussed.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Professional Development

Least Squares Regression and Residuals:

Students in a first Algebra course model the relationship between two variables by fitting functions to data. The focus of this tutorial is on (1) using technology to create a scatterplot of data and calculate the equation of the least squares regression line and (2) informally assessing the fit of a function fitted to data by calculating, graphing, and analyzing residuals.

Type: Professional Development

Teaching Ideas

Now That is a Dense Graph:

Students will first measure and plot the total mass vs liquid volume in a graduated cylinder. They will then use slope and the mathematical formula for the plot to determine the density of the liquid, the density of a solid added to the liquid, and the mass of the graduated cylinder.

Type: Teaching Idea

Now That is a Dense Graph:

In this activity, the density of ethanol is found by graphical means. In the second part, the density of sodium thiosulfate is found, also by graphical means. The values found are then analyzed statistically.

Type: Teaching Idea

Text Resource

Scientists See the World Differently:

This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the content area. Pew Research Center surveyed scientists and the general public on 12 science oriented issues, including genetically modified foods, vaccines, nuclear power and evolution. Results of the survey showed large discrepancies between the thoughts, causes and recommendations on the issues of the scientists and the general public. Sample sizes and margins of errors are given on the survey results which are represented in percent form. The overall survey showed that the public and the scientists see the world very differently.

Type: Text Resource

Tutorial

Fitting Functions to Data:

In a variety of fields, functions are used to mathematically model bivariate data in order to describe, understand, and make predictions about the relationship between two variables. The focus of this tutorial is on (1) teaching students how to model the relationships between two variables with linear and exponential functions and (2) using models to make predictions about values of variables.

Type: Tutorial

Unit/Lesson Sequence

Sample Algebra 1 Curriculum Plan Using CMAP:

This sample Algebra 1 CMAP is a fully customizable resource and curriculum-planning tool that provides a framework for the Algebra 1 Course. The units and standards are customizable and the CMAP allows instructors to add lessons, worksheets, and other resources as needed. This CMAP also includes rows that automatically filter and display Math Formative Assessments System tasks, E-Learning Original Student Tutorials and Perspectives Videos that are aligned to the standards, available on CPALMS.

Learn more about the sample Algebra 1 CMAP, its features and customizability by watching the following video:

Using this CMAP

To view an introduction on the CMAP tool, please .

To view the CMAP, click on the "Open Resource Page" button above; be sure you are logged in to your iCPALMS account.

To use this CMAP, click on the "Clone" button once the CMAP opens in the "Open Resource Page." Once the CMAP is cloned, you will be able to see it as a class inside your iCPALMS My Planner (CMAPs) app.

To access your My Planner App and the cloned CMAP, click on the iCPALMS tab in the top menu.

All CMAP tutorials can be found within the iCPALMS Planner App or at the following URL: http://www.cpalms.org/support/tutorials_and_informational_videos.aspx

Type: Unit/Lesson Sequence

Video/Audio/Animation

Fitting a Line to Data:

Khan Academy tutorial video that demonstrates with real-world data the use of Excel spreadsheet to fit a line to data and make predictions using that line.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Virtual Manipulatives

Data Flyer:

Using this virtual manipulative, students are able to graph a function and a set of ordered pairs on the same coordinate plane. The constants, coefficients, and exponents can be adjusted using slider bars, so the student can explore the affect on the graph as the function parameters are changed. Students can also examine the deviation of the data from the function. This activity includes supplemental materials, including background information about the topics covered, a description of how to use the application, and exploration questions for use with the java applet.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Univariate and Bivariate Data:

This lesson is designed to introduce students to the difference between univariate and bivariate data, and how the two can be represented graphically. This lesson provides links to model discussions and online graphing applets, as well as suggested ways to integrate them into the lesson. Finally, the lesson provides links to follow-up lessons designed for use in succession with the current one.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Advanced Data Grapher:

This is an online graphing utility that can be used to create box plots, bubble graphs, scatterplots, histograms, and stem-and-leaf plots.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorial

Data and Frequencies:

Learn to define, calculate, and interpret marginal frequencies, joint frequencies, and conditional frequencies in the context of the data with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Educational Software / Tool

Two Way Frequency Excel Spreadsheet:

This Excel spreadsheet allows the educator to input data into a two way frequency table and have the resulting relative frequency charts calculated automatically on the second sheet. This resource will assist the educator in checking student calculations on student-generated data quickly and easily.

Steps to add data: All data is input on the first spreadsheet; all tables are calculated on the second spreadsheet

  1. Modify column and row headings to match your data.
  2. Input joint frequency data.
  3. Click the second tab at the bottom of the window to see the automatic calculations.

Type: Educational Software / Tool

Perspectives Video: Experts

Mathematically Exploring the Wakulla Caves:

The tide is high! How can we statistically prove there is a relationship between the tides on the Gulf Coast and in a fresh water spring 20 miles from each other?

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

MicroGravity Sensors & Statistics:

Statistical analysis played an essential role in using microgravity sensors to determine location of caves in Wakulla County.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

Problem-Solving Tasks

Musical Preferences:

This problem solving task asks students to make deductions about the kind of music students enjoy by examining data in a two-way table.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Coffee and Crime:

This problem solving task asks students to examine the relationship between shops and crimes by using a correlation coefficient. The implications of linking correlation with causation are discussed.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Video/Audio/Animation

Fitting a Line to Data:

Khan Academy tutorial video that demonstrates with real-world data the use of Excel spreadsheet to fit a line to data and make predictions using that line.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Virtual Manipulatives

Data Flyer:

Using this virtual manipulative, students are able to graph a function and a set of ordered pairs on the same coordinate plane. The constants, coefficients, and exponents can be adjusted using slider bars, so the student can explore the affect on the graph as the function parameters are changed. Students can also examine the deviation of the data from the function. This activity includes supplemental materials, including background information about the topics covered, a description of how to use the application, and exploration questions for use with the java applet.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Advanced Data Grapher:

This is an online graphing utility that can be used to create box plots, bubble graphs, scatterplots, histograms, and stem-and-leaf plots.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Musical Preferences:

This problem solving task asks students to make deductions about the kind of music students enjoy by examining data in a two-way table.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Coffee and Crime:

This problem solving task asks students to examine the relationship between shops and crimes by using a correlation coefficient. The implications of linking correlation with causation are discussed.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Video/Audio/Animation

Fitting a Line to Data:

Khan Academy tutorial video that demonstrates with real-world data the use of Excel spreadsheet to fit a line to data and make predictions using that line.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation