Standard #: SC.912.L.16.11


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Discuss the technologies associated with forensic medicine and DNA identification, including restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.


General Information

Subject Area: Science
Grade: 912
Body of Knowledge: Life Science
Idea: Level 3: Strategic Thinking & Complex Reasoning
Standard: Heredity and Reproduction -

A. DNA stores and transmits genetic information. Genes are sets of instructions encoded in the structure of DNA.

B. Genetic information is passed from generation to generation by DNA in all organisms and accounts for similarities in related individuals.

C. Manipulation of DNA in organisms has led to commercial production of biological molecules on a large scale and genetically modified organisms.

D. Reproduction is characteristic of living things and is essential for the survival of species.

Date Adopted or Revised: 02/08
Content Complexity Rating: Level 3: Strategic Thinking & Complex Reasoning - More Information
Date of Last Rating: 05/08
Status: State Board Approved

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Related Resources

Lesson Plans

Name Description
Using DNA to Identify People

 Learning objectives:  Students will learn what DNA fingerprinting is, what it is used for, and how it is used in paternity testing and forensics.  Students will see how this technique actually works in lab.  Students will learn how to analyze the gels used in this technique to match babies to parents, and crime scene evidence to suspects.

Life after Death: Some Genes Remain "Alive"

In this lesson, students will analyze an informational text intended to support reading in the content area. The article explains what happens to certain genes after an organism has died. This lesson also introduces a related video that explains how the fields of Genetics and Biotechnology have affected the field of Forensic Science. By reading the article and viewing the video, students will learn about new discoveries in gene function after death and the impact varying fields of science have upon another. This lesson includes a note-taking guide, text-dependent questions, a writing prompt, answer keys, and a writing rubric.

How to be a Molecular Biologist the Easy Way

This lesson plan details the ethical concepts of biotechnology and allows students to explore basic concepts of manipulating and analyzing DNA in a classroom setting. The lesson takes the students through a discussion of controversial topics related to molecular biology and biotechnology, DNA isolation, restriction digestion of DNA, gel electrophoresis, and DNA cloning.

Personal DNA Testing A lesson with multi-media components from PBS/NOVA that focuses on DNA testing, including techniques, purposes, and considerations for biotechnology and human decisions regarding health. Students will learn about single nucleotide polymorphisms, how they are used in science, and how they are being used in the medical field. Students will apply this knowledge by looking at a mock data set and probabilities to inform medical recommendations.

Original Student Tutorial

Name Description
Assessment of Genetic Biodiversity through Biotechnology

Examine how genetic identification is aiding marine biologists studying organisms in deep ocean regions. This interactive tutorial also features a CPALMS Perspectives video.

Perspectives Video: Experts

Name Description
Assessment of Genetic Biodiversity of Deep-sea Fish in the Gulf of Mexico

Dr. Mahmood Shivji describes research efforts to assess biodiversity of fish species in the deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico through the use of genetic testing.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

DNA Microsatellite Analysis for Plant Ecology

Dr. David McNutt explains how large clonal plant populations can be analyzed with microsatellite analysis of their DNA.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Name Description
DNA Biotechnology and Forensic Science

Watch as Sue Livingston reveals how DNA and forensic biotechnology methods can be used to help solve crimes.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Text Resource

Name Description
Some Genes Remain "Alive" for Days After the Body Dies

This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the content area. Researchers from the University of Washington, led by microbiologist Peter Nobel, found that hundreds of genes reawaken and function in mice and fish for up to four days. Nobel also discovered that these genes are responsible for responding to stress and regulating the immune system. There were also others that are important for a developing embryo being used and these shouldn’t be needed after birth. In addition, the genes may also be linked to increased cancer in organ transplants and scientists are hoping to use the information in forensic science to better estimate a time of death.

Tutorial

Name Description
DNA Sequencing Using the Sanger Method

DNA sequencing is a technique for determining the complete sequence of bases (As, Ts, Gs, and Cs) for a particular piece of DNA. Sequencing is relatively time consuming, as the process must be done to fairly short lengths of DNA at a time. This tutorial will help you to understand the process of DNA sequencing.

Video/Audio/Animations

Name Description
Lab: Restriction Analysis
  • An interactive exercise for using agarose gel electrophoresis for separating DNA molecules
  • Explain how restriction endonucleases is used in restriction analysis of DNA
Lab: DNA Extraction
  • Background on the discovery of the DNA double helix
  • Contains an interactive activity for base pairing
  • Contains an interactive activity for DNA extraction
Lab: DNA Fingerprint: Alu
  • Background on tracking human ancestry using the alu marker
  • Animation on polymerase chain reaction, PCR
  • Interactive activity for performing PCR

Virtual Manipulative

Name Description
DNA Extraction Virtual Lab In this interactive Biotechniques virtual lab, you will isolate DNA from a human test subject and learn the uses for DNA obtained through extraction. The "Try It Yourself" section below the virtual lab gives instruction and background information about how to extract DNA from living tissue using basic materials available in grocery stores.

Student Resources

Original Student Tutorial

Name Description
Assessment of Genetic Biodiversity through Biotechnology:

Examine how genetic identification is aiding marine biologists studying organisms in deep ocean regions. This interactive tutorial also features a CPALMS Perspectives video.

Lesson Plan

Name Description
Using DNA to Identify People:

 Learning objectives:  Students will learn what DNA fingerprinting is, what it is used for, and how it is used in paternity testing and forensics.  Students will see how this technique actually works in lab.  Students will learn how to analyze the gels used in this technique to match babies to parents, and crime scene evidence to suspects.

Tutorial

Name Description
DNA Sequencing Using the Sanger Method:

DNA sequencing is a technique for determining the complete sequence of bases (As, Ts, Gs, and Cs) for a particular piece of DNA. Sequencing is relatively time consuming, as the process must be done to fairly short lengths of DNA at a time. This tutorial will help you to understand the process of DNA sequencing.

Video/Audio/Animations

Name Description
Lab: Restriction Analysis:
  • An interactive exercise for using agarose gel electrophoresis for separating DNA molecules
  • Explain how restriction endonucleases is used in restriction analysis of DNA
Lab: DNA Extraction:
  • Background on the discovery of the DNA double helix
  • Contains an interactive activity for base pairing
  • Contains an interactive activity for DNA extraction
Lab: DNA Fingerprint: Alu:
  • Background on tracking human ancestry using the alu marker
  • Animation on polymerase chain reaction, PCR
  • Interactive activity for performing PCR

Virtual Manipulative

Name Description
DNA Extraction Virtual Lab: In this interactive Biotechniques virtual lab, you will isolate DNA from a human test subject and learn the uses for DNA obtained through extraction. The "Try It Yourself" section below the virtual lab gives instruction and background information about how to extract DNA from living tissue using basic materials available in grocery stores.


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