Standard #: MA.912.AR.1.1


This document was generated on CPALMS - www.cpalms.org



Identify and interpret parts of an equation or expression that represent a quantity in terms of a mathematical or real-world context, including viewing one or more of its parts as a single entity.


Examples


Algebra 1 Example: Derrick is using the formula begin mathsize 12px style p equals 1000 open parentheses 1 plus.1 close parentheses to the power of t end style to make a prediction about the camel population in Australia. He identifies the growth factor as (1+.1), or 1.1, and states that the camel population will grow at an annual rate of 10% per year.

Example: The expression begin mathsize 12px style 1.15 to the power of t end style can be rewritten as Error converting from MathML to accessible text. which is approximately equivalent to begin mathsize 12px style 1.012 to the power of 12 t end exponent end style. This latter expression reveals the approximate equivalent monthly interest rate of 1.2% if the annual rate is 15%.



Clarifications


Clarification 1: Parts of an expression include factors, terms, constants, coefficients and variables. 

Clarification 2: Within the Mathematics for Data and Financial Literacy course, problem types focus on money and business.



General Information

Subject Area: Mathematics (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: 912
Strand: Algebraic Reasoning
Status: State Board Approved

Benchmark Instructional Guide

Connecting Benchmarks/Horizontal Alignment

 

Terms from the K-12 Glossary

  • Coefficient 
  • Expression 
  • Equation

 

Vertical Alignment

Previous Benchmarks

Next Benchmarks

 

Purpose and Instructional Strategies

In grade 8, students generated and identified equivalent linear expressions, and solved multi-step problems involving linear expressions within real-world contexts. In Algebra I, students generate and interpret equivalent linear, absolute value, quadratic and exponential expressions and equations. In later courses, students will identify and interpret other functional (exponential, rational, logarithmic, trigonometric, etc.) expressions and equations. 
  • Instruction includes making the connection to linear, absolute value, quadratic and exponential functions.
    • Students should be able to identify factors, terms, constants, coefficients and variables in expressions and equations. 
      • Go beyond these popular parts of an expression and equation: the growth/decay factor in exponential functions, rate of change in linear functions, interest, etc. 
    • Look for opportunities to interpret these components in context – make these discussions part of daily instruction.

 

Common Misconceptions or Errors

  • Students may not be able to identify parts of an expression and equation or interpret those parts within context. Ensure these are embedded throughout instruction and discussions. 
    • For example, building in questions to identify these parts and discussing their connection to the context in which they represent in a routine way will help students to make these connections.

 

Strategies to Support Tiered Instruction

  • Teacher facilitates discussions which include questions and clarifications to identify the connections of expressions and equations to the context of problems. 
  • Instruction provides opportunities to increase understanding of vocabulary terms. 
    • For example, instruction may include a vocabulary review using a chart shown.
      Table
  • Teacher provides students with an expression or equation and allows them to match the parts to key vocabulary. 
    • For example, teacher can provide the word bank to identify the different parts of the equation shown.

Instructional Tasks

Instructional Task 1 (MTR.5.1
  • The algebraic expression (n − 1)2 + (2n − 1) can be used to calculate the number of symbols in each diagram below. Explain what n likely represents, how the parts of this expression relate to the diagrams, and why the expression results in the number of symbols in each diagram.

         Expression Example                

Instructional Task 2 (MTR.3.1, MTR.7.1
  • Last weekend, Cindy purchased two tops, a pair of pants, and a skirt at her favorite store. The equation T = 1.075x can be used to calculate her total cost where x represents the pretax subtotal cost of her purchase. 
    • Part A. In the equation T = 1.075x, what does the number 1 represent? Explain using the context of Cindy’s situation. 
    • Part B. In the equation T = 1.075x, what does the number 0.075 represent? Explain using the context of Cindy’s situation.

 

Instructional Items

Instructional Item 1 
  • Identify the factors in the expression 2(3x − 1) + 2(2x + 2).

 

*The strategies, tasks and items included in the B1G-M are examples and should not be considered comprehensive.


Related Courses

Course Number1111 Course Title222
1200310: Algebra 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200320: Algebra 1 Honors (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200330: Algebra 2 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200340: Algebra 2 Honors (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200370: Algebra 1-A (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200380: Algebra 1-B (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200400: Foundational Skills in Mathematics 9-12 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7912080: Access Algebra 1A (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2019, 2019 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7912090: Access Algebra 1B (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2019, 2019 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200315: Algebra 1 for Credit Recovery (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200375: Algebra 1-A for Credit Recovery (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1200385: Algebra 1-B for Credit Recovery (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7912075: Access Algebra 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2019, 2019 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7912095: Access Algebra 2 (Specifically in versions: 2016 - 2018, 2018 - 2019, 2019 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1210305: Mathematics for College Statistics (Specifically in versions: 2022 and beyond (current))
1200388: Mathematics for Data and Financial Literacy Honors (Specifically in versions: 2022 and beyond (current))
1200384: Mathematics for Data and Financial Literacy (Specifically in versions: 2022 and beyond (current))
7912120: Access Mathematics for Data and Financial Literacy (Specifically in versions: 2022 - 2023, 2023 and beyond (current))


Related Access Points

Access Point Number Access Point Title
MA.912.AR.1.AP.1 Identify a part(s) of an equation or expression and explain the meaning within the context of a problem.


Related Resources

Formative Assessments

Name Description
Interpreting Basic Tax

Students are asked to interpret the parts of an equation used to calculate the total purchase price including tax of a set of items.

Dot Expressions

Students are asked to explain how parts of an algebraic expression relate to the number and type of symbols in a sequence of diagrams.

What Happens?

Students are asked to determine how the volume of a cone will change when its dimensions are changed.

Lesson Plans

Name Description
The Laws of Sine and Cosine

In this lesson, students determine when to use the Law of Cosine and/or the Law of Sine to calculate the measures of sides and angles of non-right triangles.

Free Fall Clock and Reaction Time!

This will be a lesson designed to introduce students to the concept of 9.81 m/s2 as a sort of clock that can be used for solving all kinematics equations where a = g.

Following the Law of Sine

This lesson introduces the law of sine. It is designed to give students practice in using the law to guide understanding. The summative assessment requires students to use the law of sine to plan a city project.

My Favorite Slice

The lesson introduces students to sectors of circles and illustrates ways to calculate their areas. The lesson uses pizzas to incorporate a real-world application for the of area of a sector. Students should already know the parts of a circle, how to find the circumference and area of a circle, how to find an arc length, and be familiar with ratios and percentages.

How much is your time worth?

This lesson is designed to help students solve real-world problems involving compound and continuously compounded interest. Students will also be required to translate word problems into function models, evaluate functions for inputs in their domains, and interpret outputs in context.

Efficient Storage

The topic of this MEA is work and power. Students will be assigned the task of hiring employees to complete a given task. In order to make a decision as to which candidates to hire, the students initially must calculate the required work. The power each potential employee is capable of, the days they are available to work, the percentage of work-shifts they have missed over the past 12 months, and the hourly pay rate each worker commands will be provided to assist in the decision process. Full- and/or part-time positions are available. Through data analysis, the students will need to evaluate which factors are most significant in the hiring process. For instance, some groups may prioritize speed of work, while others prioritize cost or availability/dependability.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Turning Tires Model Eliciting Activity

The Turning Tires MEA provides students with an engineering problem in which they must work as a team to design a procedure to select the best tire material for certain situations. The main focus of the MEA is applying surface area concepts and algebra through modeling.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Original Student Tutorial

Name Description
Identifying Parts of Linear Expressions

Learn to identify and interpret parts of linear expressions in terms of mathematical or real-world contexts in this original tutorial.

Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Name Description
Base 16 Notation in Computing

Listen in as a computing enthusiast describes how hexadecimal notation is used to express big numbers in just a little space.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Name Description
Programming Mathematics: Algebra, and Variables to control Open-source Hardware

If you are having trouble understanding variables, this video might help you see the light.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Name Description
Quadrupling Leads to Halving

Students explore the structure of the operation s/(vn). This question provides students with an opportunity to see expressions as constructed out of a sequence of operations: first taking the square root of n, then dividing the result of that operation into s.

The Physics Professor

Students write explanations of the structure and function of a mathematical expression.

Throwing Horseshoes

Students evaluate equivalent constructions of the same expression to determine which is the most useful for determining a maximum value.

The Bank Account

Students explore an expression that calculates the balance of a bank account with compounding interest.

Radius of a Cylinder

Students are asked to interpret the effect on the value of an expression given a change in value of one of the variables.

Mixing Fertilizer

Students examine and answer questions related to a scenario similar to a "mixture" problem involving two different mixtures of fertilizer. In this example, students determine and then compare expressions that correspond to concentrations of various mixtures. Ultimately, students generalize the problem and verify conclusions using algebraic rather than numerical expressions.

Mixing Candies

Students are asked to interpret expressions and equations within the context of the amounts of caramels and truffles in a box of candy.

Kitchen Floor Tiles

This problem asks students to consider algebraic expressions calculating the number of floor tiles in given patterns. The purpose of this task is to give students practice in reading, analyzing, and constructing algebraic expressions, attending to the relationship between the form of an expression and the context from which it arises. The context here is intentionally thin; the point is not to provide a practical application to kitchen floors, but to give a framework that imbues the expressions with an external meaning.

Increasing or Decreasing? Variation 1

Students examine variable expression that is a complex fraction with two distinct unit fractions in the denominator. Students are asked to consider how increasing one variable will affect the value of the entire expression. The variable expression is used in physics and describes the combined resistance of two resistors in parallel.

Delivery Trucks

This resource describes a simple scenario which can be represented by the use of variables. Students are asked to examine several variable expressions, interpret their meaning, and describe what quantities they each represent in the given context.

Animal Populations

In this task students interpret the relative size of variable expressions involving two variables in the context of a real world situation. All given expressions can be interpreted as quantities that one might study when looking at two animal populations.

Student Resources

Original Student Tutorial

Name Description
Identifying Parts of Linear Expressions:

Learn to identify and interpret parts of linear expressions in terms of mathematical or real-world contexts in this original tutorial.

Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Name Description
Base 16 Notation in Computing:

Listen in as a computing enthusiast describes how hexadecimal notation is used to express big numbers in just a little space.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Name Description
Quadrupling Leads to Halving:

Students explore the structure of the operation s/(vn). This question provides students with an opportunity to see expressions as constructed out of a sequence of operations: first taking the square root of n, then dividing the result of that operation into s.

Radius of a Cylinder:

Students are asked to interpret the effect on the value of an expression given a change in value of one of the variables.

Mixing Fertilizer:

Students examine and answer questions related to a scenario similar to a "mixture" problem involving two different mixtures of fertilizer. In this example, students determine and then compare expressions that correspond to concentrations of various mixtures. Ultimately, students generalize the problem and verify conclusions using algebraic rather than numerical expressions.

Mixing Candies:

Students are asked to interpret expressions and equations within the context of the amounts of caramels and truffles in a box of candy.

Kitchen Floor Tiles:

This problem asks students to consider algebraic expressions calculating the number of floor tiles in given patterns. The purpose of this task is to give students practice in reading, analyzing, and constructing algebraic expressions, attending to the relationship between the form of an expression and the context from which it arises. The context here is intentionally thin; the point is not to provide a practical application to kitchen floors, but to give a framework that imbues the expressions with an external meaning.

Delivery Trucks:

This resource describes a simple scenario which can be represented by the use of variables. Students are asked to examine several variable expressions, interpret their meaning, and describe what quantities they each represent in the given context.

Animal Populations:

In this task students interpret the relative size of variable expressions involving two variables in the context of a real world situation. All given expressions can be interpreted as quantities that one might study when looking at two animal populations.



Parent Resources

Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast

Name Description
Base 16 Notation in Computing:

Listen in as a computing enthusiast describes how hexadecimal notation is used to express big numbers in just a little space.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Name Description
Quadrupling Leads to Halving:

Students explore the structure of the operation s/(vn). This question provides students with an opportunity to see expressions as constructed out of a sequence of operations: first taking the square root of n, then dividing the result of that operation into s.

Radius of a Cylinder:

Students are asked to interpret the effect on the value of an expression given a change in value of one of the variables.

Mixing Fertilizer:

Students examine and answer questions related to a scenario similar to a "mixture" problem involving two different mixtures of fertilizer. In this example, students determine and then compare expressions that correspond to concentrations of various mixtures. Ultimately, students generalize the problem and verify conclusions using algebraic rather than numerical expressions.

Mixing Candies:

Students are asked to interpret expressions and equations within the context of the amounts of caramels and truffles in a box of candy.

Kitchen Floor Tiles:

This problem asks students to consider algebraic expressions calculating the number of floor tiles in given patterns. The purpose of this task is to give students practice in reading, analyzing, and constructing algebraic expressions, attending to the relationship between the form of an expression and the context from which it arises. The context here is intentionally thin; the point is not to provide a practical application to kitchen floors, but to give a framework that imbues the expressions with an external meaning.

Delivery Trucks:

This resource describes a simple scenario which can be represented by the use of variables. Students are asked to examine several variable expressions, interpret their meaning, and describe what quantities they each represent in the given context.

Animal Populations:

In this task students interpret the relative size of variable expressions involving two variables in the context of a real world situation. All given expressions can be interpreted as quantities that one might study when looking at two animal populations.



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