General Information
Benchmark Instructional Guide
Connecting Benchmarks/Horizontal Alignment
Terms from the K-12 Glossary
- Base
- Exponent
- Expression
- Rational Number
Vertical Alignment
Previous Benchmarks
Next Benchmarks
Purpose and Instructional Strategies
In Algebra I, students generated equivalent algebraic expressions with rational-number exponents and performed operations with numerical expressions involving square or cube roots. In Math for College Algebra, students extend the Laws of Exponents to algebraic expressions involving radicals.- Instruction includes using the terms Laws of Exponents and properties of exponents interchangeably.
- Instruction includes student discovery of the patterns and the connection to mathematical operations (MTR.5.1).
- Students should be able to fluently apply the Laws of Exponents in both directions.
- For example, students should recognize that 6 is the quantity (3)2, this may be helpful when students are factoring a difference of squares.
- When generating equivalent expressions, students should be encouraged to approach from different entry points and discuss how they are different but equivalent strategies (MTR.2.1).
- It is important to reinforce and activate the prior knowledge of simple calculations with radicals within this benchmark.
Common Misconceptions or Errors
- Students may not understand the difference between an expression and an equation.
- Students may not have fully mastered the Laws of Exponents and understand the mathematical connections between the bases and the exponents.
- Student may believe that with the introduction of variables, the properties of exponents differ from numerical expressions.
- Students may not know how to do simple calculations with radicals; therefore, they may not take the square root of the perfect square factor, or they may suggest using a factor pair within a radical that does not contain a perfect square as a factor.
- Students may confuse radicands and coefficients and perform the operations on the wrong part of the expression.
- For example, express (2) in radical form. The correct answer is instead of 2.
Instructional Tasks
Instructional Task 1 (MTR.2.1, MTR.3.1, MTR.5.1)- Evaluate the expression √(). Compare your strategy with a partner.
Instructional Task 2 (MTR.2.1, MTR.3.1, MTR.5.1)
- Part A. Without the use of technology, graph () = over the domain −1 ≤ ≤ 1.
- Part B. Without the use of technology, graph ()= over the domain −1 ≤ ≤1.
- Part C. Compare the graphs from Part A and Part B.
Instructional Items
Instructional Item 1- Express the following as a radical (364)0.5.
Instructional Item 2
- Expression 5 as an expression with exponents.
*The strategies, tasks and items included in the B1G-M are examples and should not be considered comprehensive.