Standard #: ELA.9.R.1.1


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Explain how key elements enhance or add layers of meaning and/or style in a literary text.


Clarifications


Clarification 1: Key elements of a literary text are setting, plot, characterization, conflict, point of view, theme, and tone.

Clarification 2: For layers of meaning, any methodology or model may be used as long as students understand that text may have multiple layers and that authors use techniques to achieve those layers. A very workable model for looking at layers of meaning is that of I.A. Richards: Layer 1) the literal level, what the words actually mean Layer 2) mood, those feelings that are evoked in the reader Layer 3) tone, the author’s attitude Layer 4) author’s purpose (interpretation of author’s purpose as it is often inferred)

Clarification 3: Style is the way in which the writer uses techniques for effect. It is distinct from meaning but can be used to make the author’s message more effective. The components of style are diction, syntax, grammar, and use of figurative language. Style helps to create the author’s voice.



General Information

Subject Area: English Language Arts (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: 9
Strand: Reading
Date Adopted or Revised: 08/20
Status: State Board Approved

Related Courses

Course Number1111 Course Title222
1001320: English Honors 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1001800: Florida's Preinternational Baccalaureate English 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1002300: English 1 Through ESOL (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1005300: World Literature (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2021, 2021 and beyond (current))
1009300: Writing 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1009320: Creative Writing 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2021, 2021 and beyond (current))
1001310: English 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1001315: English 1 for Credit Recovery (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1002381: Developmental Language Arts Through ESOL (Reading) (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7910120: Access English 1 (Specifically in versions: 2013 - 2015, 2015 - 2017, 2017 - 2018, 2018 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
1005345: Humane Letters 1 Literature (Specifically in versions: 2019 - 2022, 2022 - 2023, 2023 and beyond (current))
1000412: Intensive Reading 1 (Specifically in versions: 2021 and beyond (current))
1005346: Humane Letters 1 Literature Honors (Specifically in versions: 2020 - 2022, 2022 - 2023, 2023 and beyond (current))


Related Access Points

Access Point Number Access Point Title
ELA.9.R.1.AP.1 Identify how key elements increase understanding of literary text and/or style.


Related Resources

Lesson Plans

Name Description
What Does Epic Poetry Tell Us About The United States Government?

After discussing the universal theme of “the struggle for equality,” in an epic, students will compare the theme to American government and The Declaration of Independence. This lesson is to be used before, during, or after reading and studying at least one Epic such as “The Epic of Gilgamesh,” “The Odyssey,” “Antigone,” “Beowulf,” “The Iliad,” and/or “The Aeneid,” and is one part of a complete text unit. In this lesson, students will complete a chart with examples and textual support from an epic to outline examples of the theme of “the struggle for equality” as well as examples and textual support from The Declaration of Independence.

Analyzing Themes and Story Elements in the Classic Love Story, "Pyramus and Thisbe"

"Pyramus and Thisbe" is a tragic love story in which two lovers are separated by forces seemingly beyond their control. This lesson guides students through an analysis of the story elements and how they function together to create a theme. A plot diagram helps students to analyze this classic story after the teacher models analysis using the familiar children’s story, Cinderella. Students will write a response analyzing how the plot elements and symbols develop the story's themes.

"What good are the words?" An excerpt from The Book Thief

This lesson focuses on an excerpt from Markus Zusak's novel The Book Thief. Students will read an excerpt to discover Zusak's powerful writing style, as well as the power of words through the eyes of Liesel, the novel's protagonist. Students will demonstrate their analysis through answering a short response question.

Hubris: A Recurring Theme in Greek Mythology

Students will analyze protagonist, antagonist, conflict, resolution, and hubris in three classic myths: "Odysseus and Polyphemus," "Athena and Arachne," and "Echo and Narcissus." They will write an essay explaining the message of each myth using examples from the myths and discuss the impact of the recurring theme of hubris on the ancient Greek audience.

“Greek Mythology Version 2.0: To Be or Not to Be an Epic Hero?”

In this second lesson out of a three-lesson unit, students will continue analyzing the characteristics of an Epic Hero as they read books 1-10 of The Odyssey. Students will analyze characteristics by looking at the ways in which characters are developed through the decisions they make and/or fail to make.

Greek Mythology: The Odyssey, Odysseus and What Makes an Epic Hero Part 3

In this lesson, students will explore books 13-23 of The Odyssey through text coding and analysis of both character development and theme. For the summative assessment, students will write a short response analyzing characterization and universal themes of Courage and Perseverance in the text and drawing conclusions, supported by textual evidence, about the nature of the Epic Hero.

I am the Messenger: Setting, Character Development, and Central Idea

This lesson is designed to prepare students for reading I am the Messenger by Markus Zusak. Students will learn a notetaking strategy, strategies for determining character development, tracking key events happening during a chapter, and determining the central idea of a chapter.

Universal Theme in Poe's "The Masque of the Red Death"

Upon reading “The Masque of the Red Death,” students will analyze the universal theme of humans trying to escape death and will create a one-page visual summary of their analysis in this lesson.

The Sniper by Liam O'Flaherty - Lesson on Conflict and Suspense

This lesson teaches students to identify and analyze conflict, suspense, and sequence within a text using the short story "The Sniper" by Liam O' Flaherty. Students will engage in class discussion and will complete short responses to questions to analyze conflict and suspense.

Don't Bite Your Thumb at Me, Sir! Using Storyboards to bring Act One of Romeo and Juliet to Life

In this lesson, students will create story boards to show their analysis of plot, characters, and setting in Act One of Romeo and Juliet. Students will then use the information analyzed with the the reading of Act One and the story board creations to answer a short response question.

Greek Mythology: Exploring Perseus and the Qualities of an Epic Hero

In this lesson (part one of a three-part unit), students will analyze the characteristics of a Greek hero and explain how these characteristics are developed in the myth of "Perseus." Students will closely read the text, and ask, and answer text-dependent questions as they read the story. These skills will then culminate in later lessons (parts two and three) with a product in the form of an essay or written speech about "Perseus."

Original Student Tutorials

Name Description
Unveiled: Examining Symbolism in "The Most Dangerous Game" (Part Three)

Examine the use of symbolism within the short story "The Most Dangerous Game" and explain how it contributes to the story’s meaning. In this interactive tutorial, you’ll also learn about the specific motif that occurs throughout the story and see how it adds another layer of meaning to the text.

This is Part Three of a three-part tutorial series. Be sure to complete Parts One and Two before starting this one.

Click HERE to launch Part One.

Click HERE to launch Part Two.

Narrative Techniques: Creating Tension & Suspense (Part Two)

Analyze how the author uses various narrative techniques, includuing the manipulation of time, to build suspense in the classic short story "The Most Dangerous Game" with this interactive tutorial.

This is part two in a three-part series. Be sure to complete all three parts! 

Click HERE to launch Part One.

Click HERE to launch Part Three.

Narrative Techniques: Creating Tension & Suspense (Part One)

Learn how authors create tension and suspense to keep readers on the edge of their seats in the classic short story "The Most Dangerous Game." In this interactive tutorial series, you'll analyze how authors create tension and suspense by using four narrative techniques: exposition, foreshadowing, pacing, and the manipulation of time. In Part One, we'll just cover exposition, foreshadowing, and pacing

This is part one in a three-part series. Make sure to complete all three parts!

Click HERE to launch Part Two.

Click HERE to launch Part Three.

Its all about Mood: Bradbury's "Zero Hour"

Learn how authors create mood in a story through this interactive tutorial. You'll read a science fiction short story by author Ray Bradbury and analyze how he uses images, sound, dialogue, setting, and characters' actions to create different moods. This tutorial is Part One in a two-part series. In Part Two, you'll use Bradbury's story to help you create a Found Poem that conveys multiple moods.

When you've completed Part One, click HERE to launch Part Two.

Teaching Idea

Name Description
Resources to Support the Study of Harrison Bergeron

Are your students having trouble understanding Kurt Vonnegut's short story "Harrison Bergeron"? Use this resource from EDSITEment! to select videos that describe Vonnegut's America, dig into the character of Harrison Bergeron, and examine the satire in the story. Discussion questions are included for extended analysis.

Student Resources

Original Student Tutorials

Name Description
Unveiled: Examining Symbolism in "The Most Dangerous Game" (Part Three):

Examine the use of symbolism within the short story "The Most Dangerous Game" and explain how it contributes to the story’s meaning. In this interactive tutorial, you’ll also learn about the specific motif that occurs throughout the story and see how it adds another layer of meaning to the text.

This is Part Three of a three-part tutorial series. Be sure to complete Parts One and Two before starting this one.

Click HERE to launch Part One.

Click HERE to launch Part Two.

Narrative Techniques: Creating Tension & Suspense (Part Two):

Analyze how the author uses various narrative techniques, includuing the manipulation of time, to build suspense in the classic short story "The Most Dangerous Game" with this interactive tutorial.

This is part two in a three-part series. Be sure to complete all three parts! 

Click HERE to launch Part One.

Click HERE to launch Part Three.

Narrative Techniques: Creating Tension & Suspense (Part One):

Learn how authors create tension and suspense to keep readers on the edge of their seats in the classic short story "The Most Dangerous Game." In this interactive tutorial series, you'll analyze how authors create tension and suspense by using four narrative techniques: exposition, foreshadowing, pacing, and the manipulation of time. In Part One, we'll just cover exposition, foreshadowing, and pacing

This is part one in a three-part series. Make sure to complete all three parts!

Click HERE to launch Part Two.

Click HERE to launch Part Three.

Its all about Mood: Bradbury's "Zero Hour":

Learn how authors create mood in a story through this interactive tutorial. You'll read a science fiction short story by author Ray Bradbury and analyze how he uses images, sound, dialogue, setting, and characters' actions to create different moods. This tutorial is Part One in a two-part series. In Part Two, you'll use Bradbury's story to help you create a Found Poem that conveys multiple moods.

When you've completed Part One, click HERE to launch Part Two.



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