| Code |
Description |
| SS.912.W.4.1: | Identify the economic and political causes for the rise of the Italian city-states (Florence, Milan, Naples, Rome, Venice).
|
| SS.912.W.4.2: | Recognize major influences on the architectural, artistic, and literary developments of Renaissance Italy (Classical, Byzantine, Islamic, Western European).
|
| SS.912.W.4.3: | Identify the major artistic, literary, and technological contributions of individuals during the Renaissance. |
| SS.912.W.4.4: | Identify characteristics of Renaissance humanism in works of art. |
| SS.912.W.4.5: | Describe how ideas from the Middle Ages and Renaissance led to the Scientific Revolution. |
| SS.912.W.4.6: | Describe how scientific theories and methods of the Scientific Revolution challenged those of the early classical and medieval periods. |
| SS.912.W.4.7: | Identify criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church by individuals such as Wycliffe, Hus and Erasmus and their impact on later reformers. |
| SS.912.W.4.8: | Summarize religious reforms associated with Luther, Calvin, Zwingli, Henry VIII, and John of Leyden and the effects of the Reformation on Europe. |
| SS.912.W.4.9: | Analyze the Roman Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation in the forms of the Counter and Catholic Reformation. |
| SS.912.W.4.10: | Identify the major contributions of individuals associated with the Scientific Revolution. |
| SS.912.W.4.11: | Summarize the causes that led to the Age of Exploration, and identify major voyages and sponsors. |
| SS.912.W.4.12: | Evaluate the scope and impact of the Columbian Exchange on Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
|
| SS.912.W.4.13: | Examine the various economic and political systems of Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, France, and England in the Americas. |
| SS.912.W.4.14: | Recognize the practice of slavery and other forms of forced labor experienced during the 13th through 17th centuries in East Africa, West Africa, Europe, Southwest Asia, and the Americas. |
| SS.912.W.4.15: | Explain the origins, developments, and impact of the trans-Atlantic slave trade between West Africa and the Americas. |
This cluster includes the following access points.
| Access Point Number |
Access Point Title |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.1: | Recognize that Italian city-states, such as Florence, Milan, Naples, Venice, had ideal locations on the Italian peninsula that made them grow wealthy through trade and cultural diversity. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.2: | Recognize an influence of architectural, artistic, and literary development of Renaissance Italy. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.3: | Recognize the artistic, literary and technological contributions during the Renaissance of artists, such as da Vinci and Michelangelo; of writers, such as Petrarch and Shakespeare; and of inventors, such as Gutenberg. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.4: | Identify characteristics of Renaissance humanism in literature and the arts. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.5: | Recognize new ideas developed during the Scientific Revolution, such as the discovery that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun, the pendulum, the law of gravity, the scientific method, and the microscope. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.6: | Recognize how scientific theories and methods of the Scientific Revolution challenged the beliefs of the early classical and medieval periods. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.7: | Recognize the impact of the Roman Catholic reformers, such as Erasmus, Wycliffe, or Huss. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.8: | Recognize the effect of the Protestant religious reforms of Luther, Calvin, and Henry VIII. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.9: | Recognize the reforms that were enacted by the Roman Catholic Church during the Catholic Counter Reformation. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.10: | Identify the major contributions of individuals associated with the Scientific Revolution. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.11a: | Recognize causes that led to the Age of Exploration, such as the need for new routes and goods to trade. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.11b: | Identify the major voyages and sponsors within the Age of Exploration. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.12: | Recognize impacts of the Columbian Exchange, such as the exchange of agricultural goods, diseases, and ideas between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.13: | Recognize ways the economic and political systems of Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, France, and England were used in the Americas. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.14: | Recognize how the practice of slavery and other forms of forced labor differed in Africa, Europe, and the Americas. |
| SS.912.W.4.AP.15: | Identify the origins, developments, and impact of the trans-Atlantic slave trade between West Africa and the Americas. |
