Standard 2 : Add, subtract, multiply and divide rational numbers.



This document was generated on CPALMS - www.cpalms.org


General Information

Number: MA.7.NSO.2
Title: Add, subtract, multiply and divide rational numbers.
Type: Standard
Subject: Mathematics (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: 7
Strand: Number Sense and Operations

Related Benchmarks

This cluster includes the following benchmarks
Code Description
MA.7.NSO.2.1: Solve mathematical problems using multi-step order of operations with rational numbers including grouping symbols, whole-number exponents and absolute value.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Multi-step expressions are limited to 6 or fewer steps.
MA.7.NSO.2.2: Add, subtract, multiply and divide rational numbers with procedural fluency.
MA.7.NSO.2.3: Solve real-world problems involving any of the four operations with rational numbers.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes using one or more operations to solve problems.


Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Access Points

Access Point Number Access Point Title
MA.7.NSO.2.AP.1: Solve mathematical problems, using no more than four operations, with rational numbers including grouping symbols, whole-number exponents and absolute value.
MA.7.NSO.2.AP.2: Using tools or models, add, subtract, multiply and divide rational numbers.
MA.7.NSO.2.AP.3: Using tools or models, solve real-world problems involving any of the four operations with rational numbers.


Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorials

Name Description
Order of Operations with Rational Numbers Part 2: Decimals:

Evaluate numerical expressions with rational numbers expressed as decimals using the order of operations and properties of operations in this interactive tutorial.

Order of Operations with Rational Numbers Part 1: Fractions:

Evaluate numerical expressions with rational numbers expressed as fractions using the order of operations and properties of operations in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in a two-part series. 

Educational Game

Name Description
Fraction Quiz:

Test your fraction skills by answering questions on this site. This quiz asks you to simplify fractions, convert fractions to decimals and percentages, and answer algebra questions involving fractions. You can even choose difficulty level, question types, and time limit.

Educational Software / Tool

Name Description
Arithmetic Quiz:

In this activity, students solve arithmetic problems involving whole numbers, integers, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. This activity allows students to track their progress in learning how to perform arithmetic on whole numbers and integers. This activity includes supplemental materials, including background information about the topics covered, a description of how to use the application, and exploration questions for use with the java applet.

Formative Assessments

Name Description
Complex Fractions:

Students are asked to rewrite complex fractions as simple fractions in lowest terms.

Positive and Negative Fractions:

Students are asked to add, subtract, multiply, and divide positive and negative fractions.

Trail Mix Munchies:

Students are asked to solve a word problem involving division of fractions.

A Rational Number Expression:

Students are given a numerical expression to evaluate.

Monitoring Water Temperatures:

Students are asked to solve a word problem that involves finding the average of positive and negative decimal numbers.

Using Estimation:

Students are asked to assess the reasonableness of answers using estimation strategies.

Alexa’s Account:

Students are asked to assess the reasonableness of an answer using mental computation and estimation strategies.

Rational Water Management:

Students are asked to combine rational numbers, including fractions and decimals, and use the properties of operations to simplify calculations.

Understanding Products:

Students are asked to explain why the product of a positive and a negative rational number is negative.

Negatives Explained:

Students are asked to describe a real-world context for a given expression involving the product of two rational numbers.

Applying Rational Number Properties:

Students are asked to evaluate expressions involving multiplication of rational numbers and use the properties of operations to simplify calculations.

Lesson Plans

Name Description
Who's in the House? Part 3:

Students will use percentages and states' apportionment of representatives in the House to determine how much funding should be allocated to each state, in this integrated lesson plan.

Who's in the House? Part 2:

Use data from U.S. Census Bureau that shows Apportionment Population, Resident Population, and Overseas Population for 2020 & 2010 Census to create and compare ratios in this integrated lesson plan.

Which Services can we Afford? Part 2 of 3:

In this lesson, students will be presented with the same scenario as lesson 1. Now there are additional taxes revenues that came in due to new developments in the area. The budget has a 12.5% increase but due to the new developments, there are allocation constraints to the budget. After dispersing their new funds students will compare their results with their original analysis. This is lesson 2 of 3 in a mini-unit integrating math and civics.

Which Services can we Afford? Part 3 of 3:

In this lesson, students will peer review their assignments from lessons 1 and 2 to compare their solutions and determine the validity of the classmate’s process according to the provided rubric. This is lesson 3 of 3 in a mini-unit integrating math and civics.

Which Services can we Afford? Part 1of 3:

In this lesson, students will be re-introduced to ratios and percentages and explain how we use them for budgeting and taxes. Students will get information on tax income funds and use the information to allocate funds for providing the different services in a community (Police, Fire, Schools, Hospitals, Roads, etc.) This is lesson 1 of 3 in a mini-unit integrating civics and math.

Civic Responsibility Ads:

Students will work collaboratively to rank civic duties and responsibilities needed to keep a constitutional republic. They will utilize mathematical strategies to convert measurements of time as they calculate costs using the four operations with decimals and create an effective schedule for the ads within a budget in this model eliciting activity.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Bias in Media:

Students will analyze the mathematical accuracy of fictitious political messages to explain bias in media.

Budget Committee:

In this MEA, students will take on the role as a member of the Sunshine County Budget Committee. Members will collaborate to determine the optimal sales tax rate, use that rate to calculate how much money can be used for special projects, then decide which special projects to include in the budget proposal. Students will use percentages to problem-solve in context while considering citizen input and constraints on spending.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Breaking Up is Hard to Do:

Student will use geoboards to decompose composite figures and polygons into squares, rectangles, and triangles in order to find the total area.

Radioactive Dating: Half-Life & Geologic Time:

In this Model Eliciting Activity (MEA), students must use their knowledge of radioactive dating and geologic time to select an effective elemental isotope to be used to date three rare specimens. This decision requires an understanding of the concept of a half-life and the benefits and limitations of radiometric dating. Students must complete mathematical calculations involving equations and operations with fractions and percentages. Students completing this MEA must develop two essays that respond in a professional manner to a client in the scientific industry.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

How Fast Can One Travel on a Bicycle?:

Students investigate how the pedal and rear wheel gears affect the speed of a bicycle. A GeoGebra sketch is included that allows a simulation of the turning of the pedal and the rear wheel. A key goal is to provide an experience for the students to apply and integrate the key concepts in seventh-grade mathematics in a familiar context.

Independent Compound Probability:

During this lesson, students will use Punnett Squares to determine the probability of an offspring's characteristics.

Building Graduation Caps:

Students will apply skills from the Geometry Domain to build graduation caps for themselves using heavyweight poster paper. They will also apply some basic mathematical skills to determine dimensions and to determine minimum cost. Some of the Geometric skills reinforced in Building Graduation Caps: Cooperative Assignment are finding area, applying the concept of similarity, and the application of the properties of parallelograms. Other skills also involved in this application are measuring, and statistical calculations, such as finding the mean and the range. In addition to the hands-on group project that takes place during the lesson, there is the Prerequisite Skills Assessment: Area that should be administered before the group activity and a home-learning activity. Building Graduation Caps: Individual Assignment is the home-learning assignment; it is designed to reinforce the skills learned in the group activity.

Decisions, Decisions!:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will research a list of companies to invest in through purchasing stocks. Students will calculate the amount invested and readjust their investment choices.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Selecting a Sample Population:

The student explores several strategies for selecting a sample population to support making inferences about the population.

Generating Multiple Samples to Gauge Variation:

Students explore variation in random samples and use random samples to make generalizations about the population.

Method to My Mathness:

In this lesson, students will complete proof tables to justify the steps taken to solve multi-step equations. Justifications include mathematical properties and definitions..

Finding Area with Hands-On Measurement:

This lesson allows students to apply the area of triangles, quadrilaterals, and trapezoids to composite figures, and gives students a chance to work with classmates to find the area by taking measurements and making the necessary calculations. Students will also see the relationship between the area formulas for rectangles, triangles, trapezoids, and polygons. 

Math in Mishaps:

Students will explore how percentages, proportions, and solving for unknowns are used in important jobs. This interactive activity will open their minds and address the question, "When is this ever used in real life?"

Justly Justifying:

Students will review the properties used in solving simple equations through a quiz-quiz-trade activity. As a class, they will then associate these properties with individual steps in solving equations. The students will then participate in a Simultaneous Round Table to practice their justifications. Finish the lesson with a discussion on the different methods that students could use to acquire the correct answer. The following day, students will take a short quiz to identify misconceptions.

Perspectives Video: Experts

Name Description
Fluency vs. Automaticity:

How are fluency and automaticity defined? Dr. Lawrence Gray explains fluency and automaticity in the B.E.S.T. mathematics benchmarks in this Expert Perspectives video.

B.E.S.T. Journey:

What roles do exploration, procedural reliability, automaticity, and procedural fluency play in a student's journey through the B.E.S.T. benchmarks? Dr. Lawrence Gray explains the path through the B.E.S.T. maththematics benchmarks in this Expert Perspectives video.

What is Fluency?:

What is fluency? What are the ingredients required to become procedurally fluent in mathematics? Dr. Lawrence Gray explores what it means for students to be fluent in mathematics in this Expert Perspectives video.

Why Isn't Getting the "Right" Answer Good Enough?:

Why is it important to look beyond whether a student gets the right answer? Dr. Lawrence Gray explores the importance of understanding why we perform certain steps or what those steps mean, and the impact this understanding can have on our ability to solve more complex problems and address them in the context of real life in this Expert Perspectives video.

Perspectives Video: Teaching Ideas

Name Description
Absolute Value Progression:

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for making connections with absolute values to graphing in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

KROS Pacific Ocean Kayak Journey: Overview:

Why did the math teacher KROS the ocean? Because it made for a wonderful way to engage students and do something unique.

Related Resources:
KROS Pacific Ocean Kayak Journey: GPS Data Set [.XLSX]
KROS Pacific Ocean Kayak Journey: Path Visualization for Google Earth [.KML]

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Name Description
Comparing Freezing Points:

In this task, students answer a question about the difference between two temperatures that are negative numbers.

Operations on the Number Line:

The purpose of this task is to help solidify students' understanding of signed numbers as points on a number line and to understand the geometric interpretation of adding and subtracting signed numbers. There is a subtle distinction between a fraction and a rational number. Fractions are always positive, and when thinking of the symbol ab as a fraction, it is possible to interpret it as a equal-sized pieces where b pieces make one whole.

Tutorials

Name Description
Adding and Subtracting Numbers in Different Formats:

In this example, we will work with three numbers in different formats: a percent, a decimal, and a mixed number.

Order of Operations Example (No Exponents):

In this video, you will work through an example to correctly use the order of operations.

Video/Audio/Animation

Name Description
Interpreting Negative Number Statements:

Explore negative numbers to represent real world situations in this tutorial.



Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorials

Title Description
Order of Operations with Rational Numbers Part 2: Decimals:

Evaluate numerical expressions with rational numbers expressed as decimals using the order of operations and properties of operations in this interactive tutorial.

Order of Operations with Rational Numbers Part 1: Fractions:

Evaluate numerical expressions with rational numbers expressed as fractions using the order of operations and properties of operations in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in a two-part series. 

Educational Game

Title Description
Fraction Quiz:

Test your fraction skills by answering questions on this site. This quiz asks you to simplify fractions, convert fractions to decimals and percentages, and answer algebra questions involving fractions. You can even choose difficulty level, question types, and time limit.

Educational Software / Tool

Title Description
Arithmetic Quiz:

In this activity, students solve arithmetic problems involving whole numbers, integers, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. This activity allows students to track their progress in learning how to perform arithmetic on whole numbers and integers. This activity includes supplemental materials, including background information about the topics covered, a description of how to use the application, and exploration questions for use with the java applet.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Title Description
Comparing Freezing Points:

In this task, students answer a question about the difference between two temperatures that are negative numbers.

Operations on the Number Line:

The purpose of this task is to help solidify students' understanding of signed numbers as points on a number line and to understand the geometric interpretation of adding and subtracting signed numbers. There is a subtle distinction between a fraction and a rational number. Fractions are always positive, and when thinking of the symbol ab as a fraction, it is possible to interpret it as a equal-sized pieces where b pieces make one whole.

Tutorials

Title Description
Adding and Subtracting Numbers in Different Formats:

In this example, we will work with three numbers in different formats: a percent, a decimal, and a mixed number.

Order of Operations Example (No Exponents):

In this video, you will work through an example to correctly use the order of operations.



Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Title Description
KROS Pacific Ocean Kayak Journey: Overview:

Why did the math teacher KROS the ocean? Because it made for a wonderful way to engage students and do something unique.

Related Resources:
KROS Pacific Ocean Kayak Journey: GPS Data Set [.XLSX]
KROS Pacific Ocean Kayak Journey: Path Visualization for Google Earth [.KML]

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Title Description
Comparing Freezing Points:

In this task, students answer a question about the difference between two temperatures that are negative numbers.

Operations on the Number Line:

The purpose of this task is to help solidify students' understanding of signed numbers as points on a number line and to understand the geometric interpretation of adding and subtracting signed numbers. There is a subtle distinction between a fraction and a rational number. Fractions are always positive, and when thinking of the symbol ab as a fraction, it is possible to interpret it as a equal-sized pieces where b pieces make one whole.