Standard 2 : Add and subtract two- and three-digit whole numbers.



This document was generated on CPALMS - www.cpalms.org


General Information

Number: MA.2.NSO.2
Title: Add and subtract two- and three-digit whole numbers.
Type: Standard
Subject: Mathematics (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: 2
Strand: Number Sense and Operations

Related Benchmarks

This cluster includes the following benchmarks
Code Description
MA.2.NSO.2.1: Recall addition facts with sums to 20 and related subtraction facts with automaticity.
MA.2.NSO.2.2: Identify the number that is ten more, ten less, one hundred more and one hundred less than a given three-digit number.
MA.2.NSO.2.3: Add two whole numbers with sums up to 100 with procedural reliability. Subtract a whole number from a whole number, each no larger than 100, with procedural reliability.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction focuses on helping a student choose a method they can use reliably.
MA.2.NSO.2.4: Explore the addition of two whole numbers with sums up to 1,000. Explore the subtraction of a whole number from a whole number, each no larger than 1,000.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes the use of manipulatives, number lines, drawings or properties of operations or place value.

Clarification 2: Instruction focuses on composing and decomposing ones, tens and hundreds when needed.



Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Access Points

Access Point Number Access Point Title
MA.2.NSO.2.AP.1: Recall addition facts with sums to 10 and related subtraction facts.
MA.2.NSO.2.AP.2: Identify the number that is ten more or ten less than a given two-digit number.
MA.2.NSO.2.AP.3: Apply a strategy for adding and subtracting a two-digit number (from 11 to 19) and a single digit whole number.
MA.2.NSO.2.AP.4: Explore the addition of a two-digit and a single-digit whole number with sums up to 100. Explore the subtraction of a one-digit from a two-digit whole number.


Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorials

Name Description
Place Value Party - Part 5: 100 Less:

Learn how to create numbers that are 100 less as you wrap up the place value party in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

 

Place Value Party - Part 4:

Find 100 less and 100 more than a given 3-digit number by helping Kaylin and Quinten keep track of the place value party game points in this interactive tutorial.

 

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

Place Value Party - Part 2:

Find 10 more and 10 less than 3-digit numbers with regrouping to help Kaylin and Quinten keep score at the place value party in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

Place Value Party - Part 1:

Mr. Mahoney challenges students to solve 10 less and 10 more problems in a place value party planning adventure in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

Subtraction with Stanley:

Learn to use place value to solve subtraction problems within 100 in this interactive, basketball-themed tutorial.

Place Value Party - Part 3:

Find the value of 3-digit numbers which are 10 less with regrouping as Kaylin and Quinten keep score at a place value party in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

Formative Assessments

Name Description
Explaining the Standard Algorithm for Subtraction:

Students are asked to explain each step of a subtraction problem completed by using the standard algorithm.

Explaining the Standard Algorithm for Addition:

Students are asked to explain each step of an addition problem completed by using the standard algorithm.

Subtract 10 Mentally:

Students are given three-digit numbers and asked to mentally subtract 10 from each number.

Mentally Subtract 100:

Students are given three-digit numbers and asked to mentally add 100 to each number.

Mentally Add 10 More:

Students are given three-digit numbers and asked to mentally add 10 to each number.

Add 100 Mentally:

Students are given three-digit numbers and asked to mentally add 100 to each number.

Differences on a Number Line:

Students use a number line to find to the difference between 17 and 42.

Fluently Subtract Within 100:

Students are asked to solve three subtraction within 100 problems and are observed for the use of place value strategies.

Adding Within 100 Using Place Value:

Students are asked to solve two addition problems and are observed for the use of place value strategies.

Adding Within 1,000:

Students are asked to solve an addition problem within 1,000.

Subtracting within 1,000:

Students are asked to solve a subtraction problem within 1,000.

Mr. Ford’s Money:

Students are asked to solve a subtraction problem involving money.

Sums on a Number Line:

Students use a number line to add 23 and 19 and to find a segment whose length is the sum of 23 and 19.

Using Place Value:

Students are asked to solve a two-digit addition problem using a place value strategy and then are asked to explain why this strategy works.

Counting Up To Subtract:

Student are asked to consider why a counting strategy works to solve subtraction problems.

Using Properties and Place Value to Add and Subtract:

Students are asked to complete addition and subtraction problems that can be done efficiently by using properties of operations.

Crossing a Decade:

The student is asked to solve an addition and a subtraction problem in which a decade (i.e., a multiple of ten) must be crossed.

Place Value Strategies for Addition and Subtraction:

Students explain another student's written strategy for adding and written strategy for subtracting three-digit numbers.

Fluency for Subtraction Within 20:

Students are asked to solve six subtraction within 20 problems and to explain their strategies for solving each problem.

Fluency for Addition Within 20:

Students are asked to solve six addition within 20 problems and to explain their strategies for solving each problem.

Fluency with Basic Addition Facts:

Students are assessed on their fluency with addition facts within 20.

Addition Facts from Memory:

Students are assessed on a set of basic addition facts within 20.

Subtracting Multiples of Ten:

Students find the difference between two multiples of 10.

Subtracting Forty:

Students subtract 40 from 80 using linking cubes as a model.

Jumping Rope:

Students add a multiple of 10 to a two-digit number.

Adding Tens to Numbers:

Students add a multiple of 10 to a two-digit number and are asked to relate the strategy used to a written method.

Lesson Plans

Name Description
Hop Up, Hop Down- Three-Digit Numbers:

In this lesson, the students will be adding and subtracting 10 or 100 to/from a given three-digit number. The students will recognize patterns that occur and use these patterns to mentally identify the number that is 10 or 100 more or less than a given number.

Trip to Statue of Liberty:

Students will discuss facts about the Statue of Liberty and take a virtual tour. Students will use tables of ferry ticket and food prices to solve one and two-step word problems involving money. 

COUNTING ON RESPONSIBLE CITIZENSHIP (Lesson 3 of 3):

In this math/civics lesson integrated lesson students will create a pictograph based on data collected from 3 short stories realted to ressponisble and irrsponsible citizenship. 

 

FLUENCY AND FLAG WAVERS An Integrated Math and Civics Mini Unit PART 3 :

Students will play a fluency game adding within 20 using playing cards.  There will be Responsible/Irresponsible Citizen cards embedded in the deck of cards that will result in an advantage or disadvantage in the game.  This integrated lesson is part 3 of 3 in a mini unit. 

 

FLUENCY AND FLAG WAVERS An Integrated Math and Civics Mini Unit Part 2:

Students will circulate the room to find a partner who has an addend card that equals 20 with their addend card.  The activity will include matching behaviors that are examples of responsible and irresponsible citizenship. This integrated lesson is part 2 of 3 in a mini unit. 

FLUENCY AND FLAG WAVERS An Integrated Math and Civics Mini Unit PART 1 :

Students will work in small groups to play a sum game taking turns finding 2 addends that equal a specific number within 20.  Throughout the game, the teacher will be giving students cards representing responsible behaviors that will give an advantage or irresponsible behaviors that will cause a disadvantage.  This integrated lesson is part 1 of 3 in a mini unit. 

Fundraising on a Budget:

This Model-Eliciting Activity (MEA) is designed for a second grade level. Students will be working in small groups to figure out what companies to hire for the art gallery to have a successful charity event. The students will be evaluating criteria such as bands for the event, caterers, and artists. Students will need to add money to stay within a budget. They will write their procedure for making their selections.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Pirate Party! - Let's Make a Ten:

This lesson teaches students how to apply the "make-a-ten" strategy to addition problems involving two-digit addends.

Roll and Add Two Digit Numbers:

In this lesson students will use two dice to roll and add two-digit numbers. Students will also use their numbers to create and solve one-step addition word problems.

Disappearing Tens:

Students learn to subtract multiples of ten from multiples of ten by playing a game.

Carnival:

Written at a second grade level, in this MEA the students will use problem solving skills, two-digit addition, and knowledge of greater than and less than to rank order carnival games based on provided criteria.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Cookie Contest:

This MEA asks students to decide which factors are important in choosing the best cookie in a cookie contest. Students will take on the role of cookie critics to provide feedback to a teacher whose grade level is deciding which cookie to use for a fundraiser. They will rank order their choices from the best to worst cookie. Students will provide a detailed written explanation for how they decided to rank factors and their solution. They will show their work while adding up to 4 two-digit numbers to calculate the total number of votes.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Birthday Parties 'R' Us:

Students will determine which pizza place should be used to cater parties at the Birthday Parties 'R' Us facility given a set of data. They will create a procedure for determining the best pizza place, write an explanation about their procedure, and present their recommendations to the class.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Mental Math Mania:

This is a lesson that will ensure students walk away with the vital skill of mentally finding 10 or 100 more or 10 or 100 less than a given three-digit number. There is a partner game included with a little competition involved.

Rip and Regroup to Add:

Students will learn how to transpose a horizontal addition equation with two-digit addends using a specialized vertical place value work mat. Students will "rip and regroup" to help understand how to regroup ten ones as one ten and move toward using a standard algorithm for addition.

Alternative Addition Strategies:

This lesson explores various addition strategies of two-digit numbers. The lesson focus is to encourage students to find and develop a reliable method they can use to add within 100. The lesson includes making an Addition Strategies Mini Booklet, which students can keep and use as a reference tool.

How Many Inches, Feet, and Yards?:

Students will measure the length of given objects using various measuring tools. The students will record their measurements using different units including inches, feet, and yards to the nearest whole unit. Students will also estimate and measure the lengths of objects, then compare their estimations to their measurements to find the difference.

 

Is it "Most Magically Magical"?:

This lesson is intended to be a cooperative inquiry-based activity used close to the end of second grade. The students will be actively engaged in adding and subtracting numbers within 100 while having fun completing Magic Squares.

Odds and Evens:

This resource helps students identify numbers as odd or even using a variety of methods including creating pairs, skip counting by two’s, using number lines, and arrays. It also leads them to understand that all even numbers can be written as a sum of equal addends and odds can be written as the sum of equal addends plus one.

This resource can be conducted as one lesson or can be spread over multiple mini sessions if needed as noted within this resource as Lesson 1 and Lesson 2.

 

Place Value - 3 Digit Numbers:

Students will decompose numbers by place value and represent them using concrete and pictorial models.

Success with Story Problems - Addition/Subtraction:

In this lesson, students will solve one and two-step real-world problems using a variety of problem-solving strategies.

Sweet Addition and Subtraction:

This lesson is a continuation of the "Sweet Values" and "Sweet Number Places" lessons also found on CPALMS. It is a different way of teaching addition and subtraction, by continuing a story that started with place value. In this lesson, students will learn to use the place value knowledge gained to solve word problems.

Sweet Mental Math:

In this lesson students will learn to use the place value knowledge gained to identify the number that is 10 more, 10 less, 100 more, or 100 less than a given number. This is the continuation of a story found in previous lessons "Sweet Addition and Subtraction"and "Sweet Place Values."

Sweet Number Places:

This lesson is a continuation of the Sweet Values CPALMS lesson Resource 46493 and is a different way of teaching place value, with a story that you can continue to use to also teach addition and subtraction to your second graders. In this lesson students will learn to numerically represent numbers in different ways and understand that the three digits in a three-digit number represent amounts of hundreds, tens, and ones.

Sweet Values:

This lesson is a different way of teaching place value, with a story that you can continue to use to also teach addition and subtraction to your second graders. In this lesson students will learn to represent numbers in different ways and understand that the three digits in a three-digit number represent amounts of hundreds, tens, and ones.

Tic Tac Toe by Tens and Hundreds:

This is an engaging hands-on activity which challenges students as they learn to find 10 or 100 more or less than a given number three-digit number.

Perspectives Video: Experts

Name Description
Fluency vs. Automaticity:

How are fluency and automaticity defined? Dr. Lawrence Gray explains fluency and automaticity in the B.E.S.T. mathematics benchmarks in this Expert Perspectives video.

B.E.S.T. Journey:

What roles do exploration, procedural reliability, automaticity, and procedural fluency play in a student's journey through the B.E.S.T. benchmarks? Dr. Lawrence Gray explains the path through the B.E.S.T. maththematics benchmarks in this Expert Perspectives video.

What is Automaticity?:

What does automaticity look like? What is the role of automaticity in mathematics? Dr. Lawrence Gray explores what it means for students to have automaticity with basic mathematics facts in this Expert Perspectives video.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Name Description
Jamir's Penny Jar:

The purpose of this task is to help students articulate their addition strategies and would be most appropriately used once students have a solid understanding of coin values. This task would be best used in an instructional setting especially since the language is somewhat complex and the teacher might need to help students decode the task statement.

Comparisons 2:

The purpose of this task if for students to gain a better understanding of <,=,> with the help of number sentences.

</,=,>

Saving Money 2:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task is an instructional task that brings many aspects of the mathematical work that second graders will be doing together with an opportunity to learn about financial literacy concepts.

One, Ten, and One Hundred More and Less:

This task acts as a bridge between understanding place value and using strategies based on place value for addition and subtraction. Within the classroom context, this activity can be differentiated using numbers that are either simpler or more difficult to manipulate across tens and hundreds.

Saving Money 1:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task has students adding two 2-digit numbers that require regrouping and the solution shows a concrete approach to the solution. This problem can be adjusted based on where students are in their understanding of addition involving two-digit numbers.

How Many Days Until Summer Vacation?:

The purpose of the task is to allow children an opportunity to subtract a three-digit number including a zero that requires regrouping. The solutions show how students can solve this problem before they have learned the traditional algorithm.

Tutorials

Name Description
Subtracting with regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, a subtraction problem is solved which contains two numbers each with two-digits. The video demonstrates subtraction with regrouping using the standard algorithm, as well as a method using expanded form.

Subtracting two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore subtracting two-digit numbers by using the standard algorithm. This video does not include regrouping.

Adding two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, explore adding two-digits numbers with base ten blocks and connect this to the standard algorithm. The examples do not include regrouping.

Understanding place value when subtracting tens:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore the connection between place value and subtraction. This video explains how to solve a subtraction problem with numbers less than one hundred using base ten blocks.

Understanding place value while adding tens:

Learn how to add 23 + 30 by thinking about place value.



Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorials

Title Description
Place Value Party - Part 5: 100 Less:

Learn how to create numbers that are 100 less as you wrap up the place value party in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

 

Place Value Party - Part 4:

Find 100 less and 100 more than a given 3-digit number by helping Kaylin and Quinten keep track of the place value party game points in this interactive tutorial.

 

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

Place Value Party - Part 2:

Find 10 more and 10 less than 3-digit numbers with regrouping to help Kaylin and Quinten keep score at the place value party in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

Place Value Party - Part 1:

Mr. Mahoney challenges students to solve 10 less and 10 more problems in a place value party planning adventure in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

Subtraction with Stanley:

Learn to use place value to solve subtraction problems within 100 in this interactive, basketball-themed tutorial.

Place Value Party - Part 3:

Find the value of 3-digit numbers which are 10 less with regrouping as Kaylin and Quinten keep score at a place value party in this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 in five-part series. Click below to view the other tutorials in the series.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Title Description
Comparisons 2:

The purpose of this task if for students to gain a better understanding of <,=,> with the help of number sentences.

</,=,>

Saving Money 2:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task is an instructional task that brings many aspects of the mathematical work that second graders will be doing together with an opportunity to learn about financial literacy concepts.

One, Ten, and One Hundred More and Less:

This task acts as a bridge between understanding place value and using strategies based on place value for addition and subtraction. Within the classroom context, this activity can be differentiated using numbers that are either simpler or more difficult to manipulate across tens and hundreds.

Saving Money 1:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task has students adding two 2-digit numbers that require regrouping and the solution shows a concrete approach to the solution. This problem can be adjusted based on where students are in their understanding of addition involving two-digit numbers.

How Many Days Until Summer Vacation?:

The purpose of the task is to allow children an opportunity to subtract a three-digit number including a zero that requires regrouping. The solutions show how students can solve this problem before they have learned the traditional algorithm.

Tutorials

Title Description
Subtracting with regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, a subtraction problem is solved which contains two numbers each with two-digits. The video demonstrates subtraction with regrouping using the standard algorithm, as well as a method using expanded form.

Subtracting two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore subtracting two-digit numbers by using the standard algorithm. This video does not include regrouping.

Adding two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, explore adding two-digits numbers with base ten blocks and connect this to the standard algorithm. The examples do not include regrouping.

Understanding place value when subtracting tens:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore the connection between place value and subtraction. This video explains how to solve a subtraction problem with numbers less than one hundred using base ten blocks.

Understanding place value while adding tens:

Learn how to add 23 + 30 by thinking about place value.



Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Title Description
Jamir's Penny Jar:

The purpose of this task is to help students articulate their addition strategies and would be most appropriately used once students have a solid understanding of coin values. This task would be best used in an instructional setting especially since the language is somewhat complex and the teacher might need to help students decode the task statement.

Comparisons 2:

The purpose of this task if for students to gain a better understanding of <,=,> with the help of number sentences.

</,=,>

Saving Money 2:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task is an instructional task that brings many aspects of the mathematical work that second graders will be doing together with an opportunity to learn about financial literacy concepts.

One, Ten, and One Hundred More and Less:

This task acts as a bridge between understanding place value and using strategies based on place value for addition and subtraction. Within the classroom context, this activity can be differentiated using numbers that are either simpler or more difficult to manipulate across tens and hundreds.

Saving Money 1:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task has students adding two 2-digit numbers that require regrouping and the solution shows a concrete approach to the solution. This problem can be adjusted based on where students are in their understanding of addition involving two-digit numbers.

How Many Days Until Summer Vacation?:

The purpose of the task is to allow children an opportunity to subtract a three-digit number including a zero that requires regrouping. The solutions show how students can solve this problem before they have learned the traditional algorithm.

Tutorials

Title Description
Subtracting with regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, a subtraction problem is solved which contains two numbers each with two-digits. The video demonstrates subtraction with regrouping using the standard algorithm, as well as a method using expanded form.

Subtracting two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore subtracting two-digit numbers by using the standard algorithm. This video does not include regrouping.

Adding two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, explore adding two-digits numbers with base ten blocks and connect this to the standard algorithm. The examples do not include regrouping.

Understanding place value when subtracting tens:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore the connection between place value and subtraction. This video explains how to solve a subtraction problem with numbers less than one hundred using base ten blocks.

Understanding place value while adding tens:

Learn how to add 23 + 30 by thinking about place value.