| Name |
Description |
| SC.6.L.14.1: | Describe and identify patterns in the hierarchical organization of organisms from atoms to molecules and cells to tissues to organs to organ systems to organisms. |
| SC.6.L.14.2: | Investigate and explain the components of the scientific theory of cells (cell theory): all organisms are composed of cells (single-celled or multi-cellular), all cells come from pre-existing cells, and cells are the basic unit of life. |
| SC.6.L.14.3: | Recognize and explore how cells of all organisms undergo similar processes to maintain homeostasis, including extracting energy from food, getting rid of waste, and reproducing. |
| SC.6.L.14.4: | Compare and contrast the structure and function of major organelles of plant and animal cells, including cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and vacuoles. |
| SC.6.L.14.6: | Compare and contrast types of infectious agents that may infect the human body, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. |
| SC.6.L.15.1: | Analyze and describe how and why organisms are classified according to shared characteristics with emphasis on the Linnaean system combined with the concept of Domains. |
| SC.7.E.6.2: | Identify the patterns within the rock cycle and relate them to surface events (weathering and erosion) and sub-surface events (plate tectonics and mountain building). |
| SC.7.E.6.4: | Explain and give examples of how physical evidence supports scientific theories that Earth has evolved over geologic time due to natural processes. |
| SC.7.E.6.6: | Identify the impact that humans have had on Earth, such as deforestation, urbanization, desertification, erosion, air and water quality, changing the flow of water. |
| SC.7.L.15.1: | Recognize that fossil evidence is consistent with the scientific theory of evolution that living things evolved from earlier species. |
| SC.7.L.15.2: | Explore the scientific theory of evolution by recognizing and explaining ways in which genetic variation and environmental factors contribute to evolution by natural selection and diversity of organisms. |
| SC.7.L.15.3: | Explore the scientific theory of evolution by relating how the inability of a species to adapt within a changing environment may contribute to the extinction of that species. |
| SC.7.L.16.1: | Understand and explain that every organism requires a set of instructions that specifies its traits, that this hereditary information (DNA) contains genes located in the chromosomes of each cell, and that heredity is the passage of these instructions from one generation to another. |
| SC.7.L.16.3: | Compare and contrast the general processes of sexual reproduction requiring meiosis and asexual reproduction requiring mitosis. |
| SC.7.L.17.1: | Explain and illustrate the roles of and relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers in the process of energy transfer in a food web. |
| SC.7.L.17.2: | Compare and contrast the relationships among organisms such as mutualism, predation, parasitism, competition, and commensalism. |
| SC.7.L.17.3: | Describe and investigate various limiting factors in the local ecosystem and their impact on native populations, including food, shelter, water, space, disease, parasitism, predation, and nesting sites. |
| SC.7.N.1.1: | Define a problem from the seventh grade curriculum, use appropriate reference materials to support scientific understanding, plan and carry out scientific investigation of various types, such as systematic observations or experiments, identify variables, collect and organize data, interpret data in charts, tables, and graphics, analyze information, make predictions, and defend conclusions. |
| SC.7.N.1.2: | Differentiate replication (by others) from repetition (multiple trials). |
| SC.7.N.1.3: | Distinguish between an experiment (which must involve the identification and control of variables) and other forms of scientific investigation and explain that not all scientific knowledge is derived from experimentation. |
| SC.7.N.1.4: | Identify test variables (independent variables) and outcome variables (dependent variables) in an experiment. |
| SC.7.N.1.5: | Describe the methods used in the pursuit of a scientific explanation as seen in different fields of science such as biology, geology, and physics. |
| SC.7.N.1.6: | Explain that empirical evidence is the cumulative body of observations of a natural phenomenon on which scientific explanations are based. |
| SC.7.N.1.7: | Explain that scientific knowledge is the result of a great deal of debate and confirmation within the science community. |
| SC.7.N.2.1: | Identify an instance from the history of science in which scientific knowledge has changed when new evidence or new interpretations are encountered. |
| SC.7.N.3.1: | Recognize and explain the difference between theories and laws and give several examples of scientific theories and the evidence that supports them. |
| SC.7.N.3.2: | Identify the benefits and limitations of the use of scientific models. |
| SC.8.E.5.9: | Explain the impact of objects in space on each other including: - the Sun on the Earth including seasons and gravitational attraction
- the Moon on the Earth, including phases, tides, and eclipses, and the relative position of each body.
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| SC.8.L.18.1: | Describe and investigate the process of photosynthesis, such as the roles of light, carbon dioxide, water and chlorophyll; production of food; release of oxygen. |
| SC.8.L.18.2: | Describe and investigate how cellular respiration breaks down food to provide energy and releases carbon dioxide. |
| SC.8.L.18.3: | Construct a scientific model of the carbon cycle to show how matter and energy are continuously transferred within and between organisms and their physical environment. |
| SC.8.L.18.4: | Cite evidence that living systems follow the Laws of Conservation of Mass and Energy. |
| SC.8.N.1.1: | Define a problem from the eighth grade curriculum using appropriate reference materials to support scientific understanding, plan and carry out scientific investigations of various types, such as systematic observations or experiments, identify variables, collect and organize data, interpret data in charts, tables, and graphics, analyze information, make predictions, and defend conclusions. |
| SC.8.N.1.2: | Design and conduct a study using repeated trials and replication. |
| SC.8.N.1.3: | Use phrases such as "results support" or "fail to support" in science, understanding that science does not offer conclusive 'proof' of a knowledge claim. |
| SC.8.N.1.4: | Explain how hypotheses are valuable if they lead to further investigations, even if they turn out not to be supported by the data. |
| SC.8.N.1.5: | Analyze the methods used to develop a scientific explanation as seen in different fields of science. |
| SC.8.N.1.6: | Understand that scientific investigations involve the collection of relevant empirical evidence, the use of logical reasoning, and the application of imagination in devising hypotheses, predictions, explanations and models to make sense of the collected evidence. |
| SC.8.N.2.1: | Distinguish between scientific and pseudoscientific ideas. |
| SC.8.N.2.2: | Discuss what characterizes science and its methods. |
| SC.8.N.3.1: | Select models useful in relating the results of their own investigations. |
| SC.8.N.3.2: | Explain why theories may be modified but are rarely discarded. |
| SC.8.N.4.1: | Explain that science is one of the processes that can be used to inform decision making at the community, state, national, and international levels. |
| SC.8.N.4.2: | Explain how political, social, and economic concerns can affect science, and vice versa. |
| SC.8.P.9.1: | Explore the Law of Conservation of Mass by demonstrating and concluding that mass is conserved when substances undergo physical and chemical changes. |
| MA.K12.MTR.1.1: | Actively participate in effortful learning both individually and collectively. Mathematicians who participate in effortful learning both individually and with others:
- Analyze the problem in a way that makes sense given the task.
- Ask questions that will help with solving the task.
- Build perseverance by modifying methods as needed while solving a challenging task.
- Stay engaged and maintain a positive mindset when working to solve tasks.
- Help and support each other when attempting a new method or approach.
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to participate actively in effortful learning both individually and with others:
- Cultivate a community of growth mindset learners.
- Foster perseverance in students by choosing tasks that are challenging.
- Develop students’ ability to analyze and problem solve.
- Recognize students’ effort when solving challenging problems.
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| MA.K12.MTR.2.1: | Demonstrate understanding by representing problems in multiple ways. Mathematicians who demonstrate understanding by representing problems in multiple ways: - Build understanding through modeling and using manipulatives.
- Represent solutions to problems in multiple ways using objects, drawings, tables, graphs and equations.
- Progress from modeling problems with objects and drawings to using algorithms and equations.
- Express connections between concepts and representations.
- Choose a representation based on the given context or purpose.
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to demonstrate understanding by representing problems in multiple ways: - Help students make connections between concepts and representations.
- Provide opportunities for students to use manipulatives when investigating concepts.
- Guide students from concrete to pictorial to abstract representations as understanding progresses.
- Show students that various representations can have different purposes and can be useful in different situations.
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| MA.K12.MTR.3.1: | Complete tasks with mathematical fluency. Mathematicians who complete tasks with mathematical fluency: - Select efficient and appropriate methods for solving problems within the given context.
- Maintain flexibility and accuracy while performing procedures and mental calculations.
- Complete tasks accurately and with confidence.
- Adapt procedures to apply them to a new context.
- Use feedback to improve efficiency when performing calculations.
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to complete tasks with mathematical fluency:- Provide students with the flexibility to solve problems by selecting a procedure that allows them to solve efficiently and accurately.
- Offer multiple opportunities for students to practice efficient and generalizable methods.
- Provide opportunities for students to reflect on the method they used and determine if a more efficient method could have been used.
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| MA.K12.MTR.4.1: | Engage in discussions that reflect on the mathematical thinking of self and others. Mathematicians who engage in discussions that reflect on the mathematical thinking of self and others: - Communicate mathematical ideas, vocabulary and methods effectively.
- Analyze the mathematical thinking of others.
- Compare the efficiency of a method to those expressed by others.
- Recognize errors and suggest how to correctly solve the task.
- Justify results by explaining methods and processes.
- Construct possible arguments based on evidence.
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to engage in discussions that reflect on the mathematical thinking of self and others:- Establish a culture in which students ask questions of the teacher and their peers, and error is an opportunity for learning.
- Create opportunities for students to discuss their thinking with peers.
- Select, sequence and present student work to advance and deepen understanding of correct and increasingly efficient methods.
- Develop students’ ability to justify methods and compare their responses to the responses of their peers.
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| MA.K12.MTR.5.1: | Use patterns and structure to help understand and connect mathematical concepts. Mathematicians who use patterns and structure to help understand and connect mathematical concepts: - Focus on relevant details within a problem.
- Create plans and procedures to logically order events, steps or ideas to solve problems.
- Decompose a complex problem into manageable parts.
- Relate previously learned concepts to new concepts.
- Look for similarities among problems.
- Connect solutions of problems to more complicated large-scale situations.
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to use patterns and structure to help understand and connect mathematical concepts:- Help students recognize the patterns in the world around them and connect these patterns to mathematical concepts.
- Support students to develop generalizations based on the similarities found among problems.
- Provide opportunities for students to create plans and procedures to solve problems.
- Develop students’ ability to construct relationships between their current understanding and more sophisticated ways of thinking.
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| MA.K12.MTR.6.1: | Assess the reasonableness of solutions. Mathematicians who assess the reasonableness of solutions: - Estimate to discover possible solutions.
- Use benchmark quantities to determine if a solution makes sense.
- Check calculations when solving problems.
- Verify possible solutions by explaining the methods used.
- Evaluate results based on the given context.
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to assess the reasonableness of solutions:- Have students estimate or predict solutions prior to solving.
- Prompt students to continually ask, “Does this solution make sense? How do you know?”
- Reinforce that students check their work as they progress within and after a task.
- Strengthen students’ ability to verify solutions through justifications.
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| MA.K12.MTR.7.1: | Apply mathematics to real-world contexts. Mathematicians who apply mathematics to real-world contexts: - Connect mathematical concepts to everyday experiences.
- Use models and methods to understand, represent and solve problems.
- Perform investigations to gather data or determine if a method is appropriate.
• Redesign models and methods to improve accuracy or efficiency.
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to apply mathematics to real-world contexts:- Provide opportunities for students to create models, both concrete and abstract, and perform investigations.
- Challenge students to question the accuracy of their models and methods.
- Support students as they validate conclusions by comparing them to the given situation.
- Indicate how various concepts can be applied to other disciplines.
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| ELA.K12.EE.1.1: | Cite evidence to explain and justify reasoning.Clarifications:
K-1 Students include textual evidence in their oral communication with guidance and support from adults. The evidence can consist of details from the text without naming the text. During 1st grade, students learn how to incorporate the evidence in their writing.2-3 Students include relevant textual evidence in their written and oral communication. Students should name the text when they refer to it. In 3rd grade, students should use a combination of direct and indirect citations. 4-5 Students continue with previous skills and reference comments made by speakers and peers. Students cite texts that they’ve directly quoted, paraphrased, or used for information. When writing, students will use the form of citation dictated by the instructor or the style guide referenced by the instructor. 6-8 Students continue with previous skills and use a style guide to create a proper citation. 9-12 Students continue with previous skills and should be aware of existing style guides and the ways in which they differ.
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| ELA.K12.EE.2.1: | Read and comprehend grade-level complex texts proficiently.Clarifications:
See Text Complexity for grade-level complexity bands and a text complexity rubric. |
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| ELA.K12.EE.3.1: | Make inferences to support comprehension.Clarifications:
Students will make inferences before the words infer or inference are introduced. Kindergarten students will answer questions like “Why is the girl smiling?” or make predictions about what will happen based on the title page.
Students will use the terms and apply them in 2nd grade and beyond. |
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| ELA.K12.EE.4.1: | Use appropriate collaborative techniques and active listening skills when engaging in discussions in a variety of situations.Clarifications:
In kindergarten, students learn to listen to one another respectfully.In grades 1-2, students build upon these skills by justifying what they are thinking. For example: “I think ________ because _______.” The collaborative conversations are becoming academic conversations. In grades 3-12, students engage in academic conversations discussing claims and justifying their reasoning, refining and applying skills. Students build on ideas, propel the conversation, and support claims and counterclaims with evidence.
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| ELA.K12.EE.5.1: | Use the accepted rules governing a specific format to create quality work.Clarifications:
Students will incorporate skills learned into work products to produce quality work. For students to incorporate these skills appropriately, they must receive instruction. A 3rd grade student creating a poster board display must have instruction in how to effectively present information to do quality work. |
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| ELA.K12.EE.6.1: | Use appropriate voice and tone when speaking or writing.Clarifications:
In kindergarten and 1st grade, students learn the difference between formal and informal language. For example, the way we talk to our friends differs from the way we speak to adults. In 2nd grade and beyond, students practice appropriate social and academic language to discuss texts. |
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| ELD.K12.ELL.SC.1: | English language learners communicate information, ideas and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of Science. |
| ELD.K12.ELL.SI.1: | English language learners communicate for social and instructional purposes within the school setting. |
