MAFS.2.OA.1.1Archived Standard

Use addition and subtraction within 100 to solve one- and two-step word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using drawings and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.
General Information
Subject Area: Mathematics
Grade: 2
Domain-Subdomain: Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Cluster: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
Cluster: Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction. (Major Cluster) -

Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.

Date Adopted or Revised: 02/14
Date of Last Rating: 02/14
Status: State Board Approved - Archived

Related Courses

This benchmark is part of these courses.
5012040: Mathematics - Grade Two (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7712030: Access Mathematics Grade 2 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
5012005: Foundational Skills in Mathematics K-2 (Specifically in versions: 2019 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))

Related Access Points

Alternate version of this benchmark for students with significant cognitive disabilities.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Formative Assessments

Compare (Bigger Unknown) Word Problems:

Students are asked to solve two Compare (Bigger Unknown) word problems: one involving the word more and one involving the word fewer.

Type: Formative Assessment

Solving a Two-Step Word Problem: Eating Grapes:

Students are asked to solve a two-step word problem that combines a Compare (Bigger Unknown) problem and a Compare (Smaller Unknown) problem.

Type: Formative Assessment

Compare (Smaller Unknown) Word Problems:

Students are asked to solve two Compare (Smaller Unknown) word problems: one involving the word more and one involving the word fewer.

Type: Formative Assessment

Solving a Two-Step Word Problem: Marbles in a Bag:

Students are asked to solve a two-step word problem that combines a Put Together (Result Unknown) problem and a Take From (Result Unknown) problem.

Type: Formative Assessment

Word Problems with Result Unknown:

Students are asked to solve three word problems: Add To (Result Unknown), Take From (Result Unknown), and Put Together/Take Apart (Total Unknown).

Type: Formative Assessment

Solving a Two-Step Word Problem: Going Fishing:

Students are asked to solve a two-step word problem that combines an Add To (Result Unknown) problem and a Compare (Difference Unknown) problem.

Type: Formative Assessment

One, Two, Three Problems to Solve:

Students are asked to solve three word problems: Put Together (Addend Unknown), Take From (Change Unknown), Add to (Change Unknown).

Type: Formative Assessment

How Many More and How Many Fewer?:

Students are asked to solve two Compare (Difference Unknown) word problems: a how many more and a how many fewer variation.

Type: Formative Assessment

Both Addends Unknown:

Students are asked to solve a Put Together/Take Apart (Both Addends Unknown) word problem and explain their strategies.

Type: Formative Assessment

Add To and Take From (Start Unknown):

Students are asked to solve two word problems: Add To (Start Unknown) and Take From (Start Unknown).

Type: Formative Assessment

Lesson Plans

Word Problems Galore! Differentiated Math Centers:

This lesson contains center rotations based on student ability of below, on or above grade level, including differentiated materials for each. It includes a diagnostic assessment and an exit slip to ensure each student's needs are being met. Students will work directly with the teacher for explicit instruction, they will work in a writing center to create a plan for solving word problems and in an independent center applying the skills.

Type: Lesson Plan

Table Top Problem:

The Junior League needs the students' help to determine which table rental company to use for their Charity Auction. With a tight budget, limited time, and a mistake in the order, students must create a procedure for determining the best rental company, write an explanation about their procedure, and present their recommendations to the class.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Sweet Donut Shop:

Everyone loves donuts. It is the students' task to help the Sweet Donut Shop determine what will be their newest donut shape- square, circle, or triangle. Based on the criteria provided, students will use their mathematical skills to determine what the donut will be.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Words and Subtraction:

In this lesson, students will build on their earlier work of representing and solving situational problems (result unknown, change unknown, start unknown). Students will use related equations or drawings.

Type: Lesson Plan

Let's Do Some Solving:

In this lesson students will solve one-step addition word problems using base ten blocks, hundred charts, drawings, or strategies based on place value and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Type: Lesson Plan

Roll and Add Two Digit Numbers:

In this lesson students will use two dice to roll and add two-digit numbers. Students will also use their numbers to create and solve one-step addition word problems.

Type: Lesson Plan

Are Your Numbers Equal to My Numbers?:

This is a lesson that reinforces the meaning of the equal sign while students determine the unknown whole number in an addition equation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Amazing Animal Athletes (Addition and Subtraction Story Problems):

In this lesson, students will be able to solve one and two step word problems using addition and subtraction to compare human and animal athletic abilities. This lesson focuses on identifying the information given, comparing numbers, and identifying the missing information needed to solve the word problem using either addition or subtraction.

Type: Lesson Plan

Officer Buckle Can Help Our Schools!:

After reading, Officer Buckle and Gloria the students will be given a problem showing different ways safety problems have been solved at area schools. Through ranking, they will have to determine which manner was the most effective.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Kelly's Jelly:

Students use problem solving skills, data sets presented in a chart, two and three digit addition, writing skills and money skills to determine which brand of jelly beans they would like to purchase. The jelly beans differ in taste, quantity, and cost. The students must then check their procedure to determine if it will work when given an additional piece of data.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Type: Lesson Plan

Ten-Hut! Part-2 (Subtraction):

This fun, kinesthetic lesson allows students to gain insight into how to use place value when subtracting a one-digit number from a two-digit number. The focus is on students using their bodies, as well as math manipulatives, to solve subtraction problems within 100 that do not require regrouping.

Type: Lesson Plan

Math Doctor: Which Operation?:

In this lesson, students will be learning interpretation strategies for addition and subtraction word problems, such as circling numbers, underlining key words, choosing operations, and showing their work to solve word problems.

Type: Lesson Plan

Success with Story Problems - Addition/Subtraction:

In this lesson, students will solve one and two-step real-world problems using a variety of problem-solving strategies.

Type: Lesson Plan

Problem-Solving Tasks

Saving Money 2:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task is an instructional task that brings many aspects of the mathematical work that second graders will be doing together with an opportunity to learn about financial literacy concepts.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

A Pencil and a Sticker:

The purpose of this task is to represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction with the help of a bar diagram.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Professional Development

Johnnie’s Cars - Using Direct Modeling and Counting Strategies to Solve Addition and Subtraction Story Problem Types:

This tutorial will help teachers identify the action in story problems as joining or separating, as well as the direct modeling and counting strategies used by your students to think about and solve them.

Type: Professional Development

Teaching Idea

Shamu Math-SeaWorld Classroom Activity:

In this activity, the students demonstrate that numbers can be used to describe various quantities and relationships between quantities. Students gain experience adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing - building their understanding of how numbers are put together and taken apart. Students connect what they know to symbolic representation using number sentences.

Type: Teaching Idea

Tutorials

Solving a word problem using the standard algorithm for subtraction:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy called "losing tennis balls", explore solving a two-step subtraction word problem using the standard algorithm.

Type: Tutorial

Adding two-digit numbers using the standard algorithm:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, called "Fence posts for horses", explore adding a two digit number to a two digit number using the standard algorithm

Type: Tutorial

Adding and subtracting on number line word problems:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore using a number line solve word problems involving more than two numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Subtracting with regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, a subtraction problem is solved which contains two numbers each with two-digits. The video demonstrates subtraction with regrouping using the standard algorithm, as well as a method using expanded form.

Type: Tutorial

Subtracting two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore subtracting two-digit numbers by using the standard algorithm. This video does not include regrouping.

Type: Tutorial

STEM Lessons - Model Eliciting Activity

Kelly's Jelly:

Students use problem solving skills, data sets presented in a chart, two and three digit addition, writing skills and money skills to determine which brand of jelly beans they would like to purchase. The jelly beans differ in taste, quantity, and cost. The students must then check their procedure to determine if it will work when given an additional piece of data.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Officer Buckle Can Help Our Schools!:

After reading, Officer Buckle and Gloria the students will be given a problem showing different ways safety problems have been solved at area schools. Through ranking, they will have to determine which manner was the most effective.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Sweet Donut Shop:

Everyone loves donuts. It is the students' task to help the Sweet Donut Shop determine what will be their newest donut shape- square, circle, or triangle. Based on the criteria provided, students will use their mathematical skills to determine what the donut will be.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Table Top Problem:

The Junior League needs the students' help to determine which table rental company to use for their Charity Auction. With a tight budget, limited time, and a mistake in the order, students must create a procedure for determining the best rental company, write an explanation about their procedure, and present their recommendations to the class.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

MFAS Formative Assessments

Add To and Take From (Start Unknown):

Students are asked to solve two word problems: Add To (Start Unknown) and Take From (Start Unknown).

Both Addends Unknown:

Students are asked to solve a Put Together/Take Apart (Both Addends Unknown) word problem and explain their strategies.

Compare (Bigger Unknown) Word Problems:

Students are asked to solve two Compare (Bigger Unknown) word problems: one involving the word more and one involving the word fewer.

Compare (Smaller Unknown) Word Problems:

Students are asked to solve two Compare (Smaller Unknown) word problems: one involving the word more and one involving the word fewer.

How Many More and How Many Fewer?:

Students are asked to solve two Compare (Difference Unknown) word problems: a how many more and a how many fewer variation.

One, Two, Three Problems to Solve:

Students are asked to solve three word problems: Put Together (Addend Unknown), Take From (Change Unknown), Add to (Change Unknown).

Solving a Two-Step Word Problem: Eating Grapes:

Students are asked to solve a two-step word problem that combines a Compare (Bigger Unknown) problem and a Compare (Smaller Unknown) problem.

Solving a Two-Step Word Problem: Going Fishing:

Students are asked to solve a two-step word problem that combines an Add To (Result Unknown) problem and a Compare (Difference Unknown) problem.

Solving a Two-Step Word Problem: Marbles in a Bag:

Students are asked to solve a two-step word problem that combines a Put Together (Result Unknown) problem and a Take From (Result Unknown) problem.

Word Problems with Result Unknown:

Students are asked to solve three word problems: Add To (Result Unknown), Take From (Result Unknown), and Put Together/Take Apart (Total Unknown).

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Saving Money 2:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task is an instructional task that brings many aspects of the mathematical work that second graders will be doing together with an opportunity to learn about financial literacy concepts.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

A Pencil and a Sticker:

The purpose of this task is to represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction with the help of a bar diagram.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Tutorials

Solving a word problem using the standard algorithm for subtraction:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy called "losing tennis balls", explore solving a two-step subtraction word problem using the standard algorithm.

Type: Tutorial

Adding two-digit numbers using the standard algorithm:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, called "Fence posts for horses", explore adding a two digit number to a two digit number using the standard algorithm

Type: Tutorial

Adding and subtracting on number line word problems:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore using a number line solve word problems involving more than two numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Subtracting with regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, a subtraction problem is solved which contains two numbers each with two-digits. The video demonstrates subtraction with regrouping using the standard algorithm, as well as a method using expanded form.

Type: Tutorial

Subtracting two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore subtracting two-digit numbers by using the standard algorithm. This video does not include regrouping.

Type: Tutorial

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Saving Money 2:

The purpose of this task is for students to relate addition and subtraction problems to money and to situations and goals related to saving money. This task is an instructional task that brings many aspects of the mathematical work that second graders will be doing together with an opportunity to learn about financial literacy concepts.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

A Pencil and a Sticker:

The purpose of this task is to represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction with the help of a bar diagram.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Tutorials

Solving a word problem using the standard algorithm for subtraction:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy called "losing tennis balls", explore solving a two-step subtraction word problem using the standard algorithm.

Type: Tutorial

Adding two-digit numbers using the standard algorithm:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, called "Fence posts for horses", explore adding a two digit number to a two digit number using the standard algorithm

Type: Tutorial

Adding and subtracting on number line word problems:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore using a number line solve word problems involving more than two numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Subtracting with regrouping:

In this tutorial video from Khan Academy, a subtraction problem is solved which contains two numbers each with two-digits. The video demonstrates subtraction with regrouping using the standard algorithm, as well as a method using expanded form.

Type: Tutorial

Subtracting two-digit numbers without regrouping:

In this video tutorial from Khan Academy, explore subtracting two-digit numbers by using the standard algorithm. This video does not include regrouping.

Type: Tutorial