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Examples of Opportunities for In-Depth FocusWhen students meet this standard, they bring together the threads of fraction equivalence (grades 3–5) and addition and subtraction (grades K–4) to fully extend addition and subtraction to fractions.
Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.
- Assessment Limits :
Fractions greater than 1 and mixed numbers may be included. Expressions may have up to three terms. Least common denominator is not necessary to calculate sums or differences of fractions. Items may not use the terms “simplify” or “lowest terms.” For given fractions in items, denominators are limited to 1-20. Items may require the use of equivalent fractions to find a missing term or part of a term. - Calculator :
No
- Context :
Required
- Test Item #: Sample Item 1
- Question:
John and Sue are baking cookies. The recipe lists
cup of flour. They only have 
cup of flour left. How many more cups of flour do they need to bake the cookies?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: EE: Equation Editor
- Test Item #: Sample Item 2
- Question:
Javon, Sam, and Antoine are baking cookies. Javon has
cup of flour, Sam has 
cups of flour, and Antoine has 
cups of flour.How many cups of flour do they have altogether?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: EE: Equation Editor
- Test Item #: Sample Item 3
- Question:
Richard and Gianni each bought a pizza. The pizzas are the same size.
- Richard cut his pizza into 12 slices.
- Gianni cut his pizza into 6 slices, and ate 2 slices.
- Together, Richard and Gianni ate
How many slices of his pizza did Richard eat?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: MC: Multiple Choice
- Test Item #: Sample Item 4
- Question:
Jasmine has
cup of flour in a mixing bowl. After adding more flour to the mixing bowl, Jasmine says that she now has 
cup of flour.Which of the following explains why Jasmine's statement is incorrect?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: MC: Multiple Choice
Related Courses
Related Access Points
Related Resources
Formative Assessments
Lesson Plans
Original Student Tutorials
Problem-Solving Tasks
Teaching Idea
MFAS Formative Assessments
Students are asked to estimate the sum of two mixed numbers and then calculate the sum.
Students are given a word problem involving subtraction of fractions with unlike denominators. Students are asked to determine if a given answer is reasonable, explain their reasoning, and calculate the answer.
Students are given a word problem involving fractions with unlike denominators and are asked to estimate the sum, explain their reasoning, and then determine the sum.
Students are asked to estimate the difference between two fractional lengths and then calculate the difference.
Original Student Tutorials Mathematics - Grades K-5
Read word problems and use number lines with benchmarks to solve multi-step problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions with unlike denominators. In this tutorial, you will help Daisy and Angie paint pictures using fractions.
Learn to solve addition and subtraction word problems involving fractions with unlike denominators. As you complete this art-themed, interactive tutorial, you'll use visual models, write and solve equations, and check the reasonableness of results based on estimates.
This is part 2 of a two-part series. Click below to open part 1.
Student Resources
Original Student Tutorials
Learn to solve addition and subtraction word problems involving fractions with unlike denominators. As you complete this art-themed, interactive tutorial, you'll use visual models, write and solve equations, and check the reasonableness of results based on estimates.
This is part 2 of a two-part series. Click below to open part 1.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Read word problems and use number lines with benchmarks to solve multi-step problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions with unlike denominators. In this tutorial, you will help Daisy and Angie paint pictures using fractions.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Problem-Solving Tasks
The focus of this task is on understanding that fractions, in an explicit context, are fractions of a specific whole. In this this problem there are three different wholes: the medium pizza, the large pizza, and the two pizzas taken together. This task is best suited for instruction. Students can practice explaining their reasoning to each other in pairs or as part of a whole group discussion.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
The purpose of this task is to present students with a situation where it is natural to add fractions with unlike denominators; it can be used for either assessment or instructional purposes. Teachers should anticipate two types of solutions: one where students calculate the distance Alex ran to determine an answer, and one where students compare the two parts of his run to benchmark fractions.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
The purpose of this task is to have students add fractions with unlike denominators and divide a unit fraction by a whole number. This accessible real-life context provides students with an opportunity to apply their understanding of addition as joining two separate quantities.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
This task addresses common errors that students make when interpreting adding fractions word problems. It is very important for students to recognize that they only add fractions when the fractions refer to the same whole, and also when the fractions of the whole being added do not overlap. This set of questions is designed to enhance a student's understanding of when it is and is not appropriate to add fractions.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
Parent Resources
Problem-Solving Tasks
The focus of this task is on understanding that fractions, in an explicit context, are fractions of a specific whole. In this this problem there are three different wholes: the medium pizza, the large pizza, and the two pizzas taken together. This task is best suited for instruction. Students can practice explaining their reasoning to each other in pairs or as part of a whole group discussion.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
The purpose of this task is to present students with a situation where it is natural to add fractions with unlike denominators; it can be used for either assessment or instructional purposes. Teachers should anticipate two types of solutions: one where students calculate the distance Alex ran to determine an answer, and one where students compare the two parts of his run to benchmark fractions.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
The purpose of this task is to have students add fractions with unlike denominators and divide a unit fraction by a whole number. This accessible real-life context provides students with an opportunity to apply their understanding of addition as joining two separate quantities.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
This task addresses common errors that students make when interpreting adding fractions word problems. It is very important for students to recognize that they only add fractions when the fractions refer to the same whole, and also when the fractions of the whole being added do not overlap. This set of questions is designed to enhance a student's understanding of when it is and is not appropriate to add fractions.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
