Standard #: MAFS.K.OA.1.1 (Archived Standard)


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Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings, sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.


General Information

Subject Area: Mathematics
Grade: K
Domain-Subdomain: Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Cluster: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
Cluster: Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from. (Major Cluster) -

Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.

Date Adopted or Revised: 02/14
Content Complexity Rating: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts - More Information
Date of Last Rating: 02/14
Status: State Board Approved - Archived

Related Courses

Course Number1111 Course Title222
5012020: Grade Kindergarten Mathematics (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
7712015: Access Mathematics - Grade Kindergarten (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
5012005: Foundational Skills in Mathematics K-2 (Specifically in versions: 2019 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))


Related Resources

Formative Assessments

Name Description
Decomposing Six

Students use manipulatives to decompose six in more than one way.

Writing an Equation

Students are asked to pick an equation that matches addition and subtraction word problems.

Modeling Addition and Subtraction

Students model an addition and a subtraction problem with manipulatives, drawings, fingers, or by acting out the story in the problem.

Writing Center

Students model an addition problem using manipulatives, their fingers, drawings, or by acting out.

Carly’s Sleepover Party

Students model the action in a subtraction problem.

Instructional Technique

Name Description
Video: Differentiating in Math Using Computer Games This video show a teacher using a variety of tools and software programs to help the students have a better understanding of math. By incorporating technology in the classroom, the teacher can spend time with students who struggle to understand the concept while others can continue to pass levels in the games to move on to the next concept.

Lesson Plans

Name Description
Speckled Frog Addition and Subtraction

Students will enjoy engaging in this lively lesson where they will have the opportunity to sing and act out addition and subtraction story problems. Students will be guided through addition and subtraction word problems as they use manipulatives to model the problems.

Quacking Addition – Sums within Ten

This activity deepens the students' understanding of addition and recording addition sentences by using an engaging story about ducks in a pond.

Counting Fingers

In this lesson, students will use their fingers and manipulatives to help solve simple addition problems within 5.

Ten Cheers for Cheerios!

Eating cereal may be fun, but counting out with it can be more fun! Hungry for a great time? Students will learn to count out 1-10 using cereal and help some mice escape from a hungry snake.

All Together Now - or NOT - Part II

In this lesson, students will use manipulatives and equations to model and solve subtraction equations.

Decomposition with Cheerios

In this lesson, students will use Cheerios as manipulatives for decomposing numbers 5-10. Students will be encouraged to decompose numbers in as many different ways as possible. Students will also record their decompositions as addition equations.

All Together Now, Part 1

In this lesson students will use manipulatives and equations to model bringing together two smaller groups to make one large group. This is part one of a two part series. Part 2 is titled "All Together Now- or NOT" (Resource 49796).

Disc Drop - Decomposing Ten

In this lesson, students will use two-sided colored counters (discs) to decompose the number ten.

Ten Red Apples - One less

This activity practices taking one away from a number to compose an equation.

Five Little Ducks - Decomposing Number 5

In this activity students will recite the Five Little Ducks poem to decompose numbers using manipulatives and equations to represent the math.

Going Loopy for Addition

The students will partner up and use Fruit Loops to represent addition equations with sums up to 10. They will draw, act out, use verbal explanations and write equations to show addition.

10 Fat Turkeys – Practice with Subtracting One Within Ten

In this lesson, students will work with subtraction within 10 by taking 1 away from a number.

Addition Story Problem Fun

In this lesson, students will act out situations as an introduction to story problems. Students will also have the opportunity to solve addition story problems using manipulatives.

How Many Goldfish?

In this lesson, students will solve addition and subtraction word problems using Goldfish crackers. Students will also work with a partner to create and solve their own addition and subtraction word problems.

Professional Development

Name Description
Johnnie’s Cars - Using Direct Modeling and Counting Strategies to Solve Addition and Subtraction Story Problem Types

This tutorial will help teachers identify the action in story problems as joining or separating, as well as the direct modeling and counting strategies used by your students to think about and solve them.

Virtual Manipulatives

Name Description
Counting on and back

This interactive Flash applet supports the exploration of numbers to 100 by simulating a 100-bead string. A teacher or child can move all or some beads to the left or right to add and subtract. The controls allow users to move beads individually or 10 at a time to model different counting and calculation strategies. Users can hide or show the numbers represented by the beads. This applet lends itself well to use on an interactive white board. A PDF guide to this collection of teaching applets is cataloged separately.

Five Frame

This applet contains four games (How Many?, Build, Fill, and Add) that utilize a frame with five slots for students to place objects, which helps students develop counting and addition skills.

Ten Frame

This applet contains four games (How Many?, Build, Fill, and Add) that utilize a frame with ten slots for students to place objects, which helps students develop counting and addition skills.

Student Resources

Virtual Manipulatives

Name Description
Counting on and back:

This interactive Flash applet supports the exploration of numbers to 100 by simulating a 100-bead string. A teacher or child can move all or some beads to the left or right to add and subtract. The controls allow users to move beads individually or 10 at a time to model different counting and calculation strategies. Users can hide or show the numbers represented by the beads. This applet lends itself well to use on an interactive white board. A PDF guide to this collection of teaching applets is cataloged separately.

Five Frame :

This applet contains four games (How Many?, Build, Fill, and Add) that utilize a frame with five slots for students to place objects, which helps students develop counting and addition skills.

Ten Frame:

This applet contains four games (How Many?, Build, Fill, and Add) that utilize a frame with ten slots for students to place objects, which helps students develop counting and addition skills.



Parent Resources

Virtual Manipulative

Name Description
Ten Frame:

This applet contains four games (How Many?, Build, Fill, and Add) that utilize a frame with ten slots for students to place objects, which helps students develop counting and addition skills.



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